Category: 117-96-4

El-Athman, Fatima published the artcileAbiotic reductive deiodination of iodinated organic compounds and X-ray contrast media catalyzed by free corrinoids, Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is corrinoid xray catalysis iodination organic compound abiotic reductive deiodination; Abiotic; Bank filtration; Corrinoids; Deiodination; Vitamin B(12); X-ray contrast media.

Iodinated X-ray contrast media are known for their stability concerning deiodination in the aquatic environment under aerobic conditions. In this study, we demonstrate the abiotic reductive deiodination of the iodinated contrast media iopromide, iopamidol and diatrizoate in the presence of corrinoids. In addition, triiodinated benzoic acid derivativeswith iodine atoms bound at different positions were investigated. Corrinoids like cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) and dicyanocobinamide served as electron shuttles and as catalysts between the reducing agent (e.g., titanium (III) citrate) and the electron accepting iodinated compound The concentrationdecrease of the iodinated compoundsfollowed first-order kinetics with rate constantkobs depending on the iodinated compound A linear correlation between the rate of iodide release and the corrinoid concentrationwas observed, with deiodination rates for dicyanocobinamide twice as high as for vitamin B12. Reducing agents with a less neg.standardredox potential like dithiothreitol or cysteine caused slower deiodination as the cobalt center was only reduced to its CoII oxidationstate. With a temperatureincrease from 11 to 23°C, the concentrationsof released iodide doubled. A complete deiodination was only observedfor the iodinated contrast media but not for structurally similar iodinated benzoic acid derivatives

Chemosphere published new progress about Adsorptive wastewater treatment. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

An, Ye published the artcileAdsorption and photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceuticals and pesticides by carbon doped-TiO2 coated on zeolites under solar light irradiation, Safety of Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is adsorption photocatalytic degradation pharmaceutical pesticide wastewater photocatalytic degradation; carbon doped titania coated zeolite photocatalyst solar irradiation wastewater.

To evaluate the performance of zeolite-supported carbon-doped TiO2 composite catalysts toward target pollutants under solar light irradiation, the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of 18 pharmaceuticals and pesticides with distinguishing features (mol. size and volume, and photolysis) were investigated using mordenite zeolites with SiO2/Al2O3 ratios of 18 and 240. Different quantities of carbon-doped TiO2 were coated on the zeolites, and then the finished composite catalysts were tested in demineralized, surface, and hospital wastewater samples, resp. The composite photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission SEM, and surface area and porosity analyses. Results showed that a dispersed layer of carbon-doped TiO2 is formed on the zeolite surface; this layer blocks the micropores of zeolites and reduces their surface area. However, these reductions did not significantly affect adsorption onto the zeolites. Our results demonstrated that zeolite-supported carbon-doped TiO2 systems can effectively degrade 18 pharmaceuticals and pesticides in demineralized water under natural and simulated solar light irradiation In surface and hospital wastewaters, zeolite-supported carbon-doped TiO2 systems present excellent anti-interference capability against radical scavengers and competitive organics for pollutants removal, and higher pollutants adsorption on zeolites evidently enhances the removal rate of target pollutants in surface and hospital wastewater samples with a complicated matrix.

Water Science and Technology published new progress about Adsorptive wastewater treatment. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Safety of Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Annarapu, Shashidhar published the artcileThermal analysis of binding of iodinated contrast agents to TiO2, Category: isoquinoline, the main research area is thermogravimetric iohexol diatrizoate titanium dioxide photocatalytic degradation wastewater treatment.

Iodinated contrast agents such as iohexol and diatrizoate are pharmaceutical compounds of emerging concern in sewage and drinking water. These are resistant to removal through conventional water treatment processes. Photocatalytic degradation (PD) of these compounds over titanium dioxide has been suggested as a possible technique for the removal of iohexol and diatrizoate from sewage water. Several studies have evaluated these compounds, finding that the two do not respond in the same way to the presence of photocatalyst, which could imply that direct oxidation by surface electron holes is a major route for one compound but not the other. It is necessary that analytes adsorb to the photocatalyst for this oxidation to occur. We employ thermogravimetric anal. to characterize desorption of these analytes from two different forms of titanium dioxide. Compared to pure analyte and pure photocatalyst, addnl. peaks are seen near 700 °C when the contrast agents are adsorbed to titanium dioxide. This implies that direct oxidation by electron holes is not a primary factor in the PD of iodinated contrast agents. We evaluate the effects of analyte concentration and titanium dioxide crystal structure on these results to address the general applicability of our approach.

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry published new progress about Adsorptive wastewater treatment. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Category: isoquinoline.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Lienert, Judit published the artcileMultiple-Criteria Decision Analysis Reveals High Stakeholder Preference to Remove Pharmaceuticals from Hospital Wastewater, Safety of Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is multiple criteria decision analysis pharmaceutical hospital wastewater.

Point-source measures have been suggested to decrease pharmaceuticals in water bodies. We analyzed 68 and 50 alternatives, resp., for a typical Swiss general and psychiatric hospital to decrease pharmaceutical discharge. Tech. alternatives included reverse osmosis, ozonization, and activated C; organizational alternatives included urine separation To handle this complex decision, we used Multiple-Criteria Decision Anal. (MCDA) and combined expert predictions (e.g., costs, pharmaceutical mass flows, ecotoxicol. risk, pathogen removal) with subjective preference-valuations from 26 stakeholders (authorities, hospital-internal actors, experts). The general hospital contributed ∼38% to the total pharmaceutical load at the wastewater treatment plant, the psychiatry contributed 5%. For the general hospital, alternatives removing all pharmaceuticals (especially reverse osmosis, or vacuum-toilets and incineration), performed systematically better than the status quo or urine separation, despite higher costs. They now require closer scrutiny. To remove x-ray contrast agents, introducing roadbags is promising. For the psychiatry with a lower pharmaceutical load, costs were more critical Stakeholder feedback concerning MCDA was very pos., especially because the results were robust across different stakeholder-types. Our MCDA results provide insight into an important water protection issue: implementing measures to decrease pharmaceuticals will likely meet acceptance. Hospital point-sources merit consideration if the trade-off between costs and pharmaceutical removal is reasonable.

Environmental Science & Technology published new progress about Adsorptive wastewater treatment. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Safety of Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Kovalova, Lubomira published the artcileElimination of Micropollutants during Post-Treatment of Hospital Wastewater with Powdered Activated Carbon, Ozone, and UV, Quality Control of 117-96-4, the main research area is micropollutant posttreatment hospital wastewater powd activated carbon ozone UV.

A pilot-scale hospital wastewater treatment plant consisting of a primary clarifier, membrane bioreactor, and 5 post-treatment technologies including O3, O3/H2O2, powd. activated C (PAC), and low pressure UV light with and without TiO2 was operated to test the removal efficiencies for 56 micropollutants. The extent of the removal of the selected micropollutants (pharmaceuticals, metabolites and industrial chems.) was correlated to phys.-chem. properties or mol. structure. By mass loading, 95% of all measured micropollutants in the biol. treated hospital wastewater feeding the post-treatments consisted of iodinated contrast media (ICM). The removal of ICM by the tested post-treatment technologies was 50-65% when using 1.08 g O3/g DOC, 23 mg/L PAC, or a UV dose of 2400 J/m2 (254 nm). For the total load of analyzed pharmaceuticals and metabolites excluding ICM the removal by ozonization, PAC, and UV at the same conditions was 90, 86, and 33%, resp. Thus, the majority of analyzed substances can be efficiently eliminated by ozonization (which also provides disinfection) or PAC (which provides micropollutants removal, not only transformation). Some micropollutants recalcitrant to those 2 post-treatments, such as the ICM diatrizoate, can be substantially removed only by high doses of UV (96% at 7200 J/m2). The tested combined treatments (O3/H2O2 and UV/TiO2) did not improve the elimination compared to the single treatments (O3 and UV).

Environmental Science & Technology published new progress about Adsorptive wastewater treatment. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Quality Control of 117-96-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Hermes, N. published the artcileElucidation of removal processes in sequential biofiltration and soil aquifer treatment by analysis of a broad range of trace organic chemicals and their transformation products, Name: Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is trace organic chem removal sequential biofiltration soil aquifer treatment; Removal processes; Sequential biofiltration; Soil-aquifer treatment; Trace organic chemicals.

Many chems. with different physico-chem. properties are present in municipal wastewater. In this study, the removal of a broad range of trace organic chems. (TOrCs) was determined in two biol. treatment processes differing in hydraulic retention time: sequential biofiltration (SBF) and soil-aquifer treatment (SAT), operated in Germany and Spain. Occurrence and the degree of removal of more than 150 TOrCs with different physico-chem. properties were analyzed, including precursors as well as human metabolites and environmental transformation products (TPs). Ninety TOrCs were detected in the feed water of the SBF system, 40% of these showed removal efficiencies of higher than 30% during biol. treatment. In SAT, 70 TOrCs were detected in the feed water, 60% of these could be reduced by more than 30% after approx. 3 days of subsurface treatment. For uncharged and neg. charged TOrCs biol. degradation was mainly responsible for the removal, while pos. charged TOrCs were most likely also removed by ionic interactions. The detections of TPs confirmed that biodegradation was a major removal process in both systems. The anal. of pos. and neg. charged, neutral and zwitterionic TOrCs and the simultaneous anal. of precursors and their biol. formed TPs enabled a detailed understanding of underlying mechanisms of their removal in the two systems. On this basis, criteria for site-specific indicator selection were proposed.

Water Research published new progress about Biological wastewater treatment. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Name: Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

ter Laak, Thomas L. published the artcileDifferent compositions of pharmaceuticals in Dutch and Belgian rivers explained by consumption patterns and treatment efficiency, Formula: C11H9I3N2O4, the main research area is pharmaceutical composition consumption pattern treatment efficiency Dutch Belgian river.

In the current study, 43 pharmaceuticals and 18 transformation products were studied in the river Meuse at the Belgian-Dutch border and four tributaries of the river Meuse in the southern part of the Netherlands. The tributaries originate from Belgian, Dutch and mixed Dutch and Belgian catchments. In total, 23 pharmaceuticals and 13 transformation products were observed in samples of river water collected from these rivers. Observed summed concentrations of pharmaceuticals and transformation products in river water ranged from 3.5 to 37.8 μg/L. Metformin and its transformation product guanylurea contributed with 53 to 80 % to this concentration, illustrating its importance on a mass basis. Data on the flow rate of different rivers and demographics of the catchments enabled us to calculate daily per capita loads of pharmaceuticals and transformation products. These loads were linked to sales data of pharmaceuticals in the catchment. Simple mass balance modeling accounting for human excretion and removal by sewage treatment plants revealed that sales could predict actual loads within a factor of 3 for most pharmaceuticals. Rivers that originated from Belgian and mixed Dutch and Belgian catchments revealed significantly higher per capita loads of pharmaceuticals (16.0 ± 2.3 and 15.7 ± 2.1 mg/inhabitant/day, resp.) than the Dutch catchment (8.7 ± 1.8 mg/inhabitant/day). Furthermore, the guanylurea/metformin ratio was significantly lower in waters originating from Belgium (and France) than in those from the Netherlands, illustrating that sewage treatment in the Belgian catchment is less efficient in transforming metformin into guanylurea. In summary, the current study shows that consumption-based modeling is suitable to predict environmental loads and concentrations Furthermore, different consumption patterns and wastewater treatment efficiency are clearly reflected in the occurrence and loads of pharmaceuticals in regional rivers.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research published new progress about Environmental pollution monitoring. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Formula: C11H9I3N2O4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Ens, Waldemar published the artcileDevelopment, validation, and application of a novel LC-MS/MS trace analysis method for the simultaneous quantification of seven iodinated X-ray contrast media and three artificial sweeteners in surface, ground, and drinking water, Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is iodinated X ray contrast sweetener drinking water LC MS.

A new method for the simultaneous determination of iodated X-ray contrast media (ICM) and artificial sweeteners (AS) by liquid chromatog.-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) operated in pos. and neg. ionization switching mode was developed. The method was validated for surface, ground, and drinking water samples. In order to gain higher sensitivities, a 10-fold sample enrichment step using a Genevac EZ-2 plus centrifugal vacuum evaporator that provided excellent recoveries (90 ± 6 %) was selected for sample preparation Limits of quantification below 10 ng/L were obtained for all compounds Furthermore, sample preparation recoveries and matrix effects were investigated thoroughly for all matrix types. Considerable matrix effects were observed in surface water and could be compensated by the use of four stable isotope-labeled internal standards Due to their persistence, fractions of diatrizoic acid, iopamidol, and acesulfame could pass the whole drinking water production process and were observed also in drinking water. To monitor the fate and occurrence of these compounds, the validated method was applied to samples from different stages of the drinking water production process of the Industrial Works of Basel (IWB). Diatrizoic acid was found as the most persistent compound which was eliminated by just 40 % during the whole drinking water treatment process, followed by iopamidol (80 % elimination) and acesulfame (85 % elimination). All other compounds were completely restrained and/or degraded by the soil and thus were not detected in groundwater. Addnl., a direct injection method without sample preparation achieving 3-20 ng/L limits of quantification was compared to the developed method.

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry published new progress about Chromatographic chiral resolution. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Cheng, Xinying published the artcileDetermination of ten iodinated X-ray contrast media by solid-phase extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution orbitrap mass spectrometry, Quality Control of 117-96-4, the main research area is iodinated Xray contrast media solid phase extraction UPLC HRMS.

A highly sensitive method for the simultaneous determination of ten iodinated X-ray contrast media (ICM) in environmental water samples was developed, in which samples were pretreated using solid-phase extraction and analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatog. coupled with high-resolution orbitrap mass spectrometry. A combination of two ENVI-Chrom P cartridges was selected due to its high recoveries of ICM. The optimized sample pH, flow rate, eluent type, and volume of eluent were 2.0, 6 mL/min, MeOH/ACN (50:50, volume/volume), and 6 mL, resp. The developed method was used for the tap, surface, and waste water sample anal., and exhibited satisfactory accuracy (80.8-118.5%), high precision (0.1-11.6%), and low detection limits (0.3-1.0 ng/L). These results indicate that this method is highly effective for the simultaneous determination of trace-level ICM in the aquatic environment.

Microchemical Journal published new progress about High-resolution mass spectrometry. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Quality Control of 117-96-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Tuerk, Jochen published the artcileTarget analysis, suspected-target, and non-target screening for evaluation and comparison of full-scale ozonation at three wastewater treatment plants, Safety of Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is liquid chromatog ozonation wastewater treatment plant.

The entry of micropollutants into the water cycle is of growing concern. This is also reflected by the EU Water Framework Directive and new guidelines for wastewater treatment plant effluents. Ozonation seems to be a good answer to this problem. The wastewater treatment plants Bad Sassendorf, Duisburg-Vierlinden and Schwerte were extended by a full-scale ozonation. Removal efficiency and process optimization were assessed by target anal. using liquid chromatog. tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Suspected-target and non-target screening using high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) were applied for chem. evaluation of transformation products and comparison of the three wastewater treatment plants. Data evaluation was done using an inhouse created reference database as well as com. and freely available databases. The different workflows are exemplarily discussed and a new concept using microscale two-dimensional liquid chromatog. coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry is presented.

ACS Symposium Series published new progress about High-resolution mass spectrometry. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Safety of Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem