Category: 117-96-4

Singh, Randolph R. published the artcileBinding of iodinated contrast media (ICM) and their transformation products with hormone receptors: Are ICM the new EDCs?, Quality Control of 117-96-4, the main research area is iodinated contrast media biotransformation hormone receptor endocrine disruptor; Bioaccumulation; Endocrine disrupting compounds; In silico approach; Iodinated contrast media; Nuclear receptor.

Iodinated contrast media (ICM) have been detected at high concentrations (as high as about 3 μg/L) in surface water systems, and recently in fish brains and gonad. The mismatch between the polarity of ICM and the high lipid content of brain raises questions on whether their bioaccumulation is receptor-mediated. Furthermore, the structural similarity of ICM to the natural thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine suggest potential binding of ICM to nuclear receptors in the endocrine system. Therefore, an in silico approach based on Surflex-Dock module of SYBYL was used to investigate the mol. docking of selected ICM (diatrizoic acid, iohexol, iopamidol, and iopromide). These ICM showed interaction with nuclear receptors that play key roles in endocrine regulation, including the androgen and estrogen receptors. Furthermore, the results indicate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma as one of the viable targets in the endocrine disrupting potential of ICM with higher Cscores for the ICM and iopromide transformation products than the reference ligand for the receptor. The data obtained from in silico calculations showed stronger binding of iohexol to the transthyretin-binding pocket compared to the natural hormones, thyroxine and triiodothyronine, suggesting the potential of ICM to act as endocrine disrupting chems. in the environment.

Science of the Total Environment published new progress about Androgen receptors Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Quality Control of 117-96-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Salam, Rayhanus published the artcileIncreasing membrane permeability of carboxylic acid-containing drugs using synthetic transmembrane anion transporters, Product Details of C11H9I3N2O4, the main research area is carboxylic acid drug membrane permeability transmembrane anion transporter.

In this manuscript, we show that small-mol.-based anion transporters can significantly increase the permeability of carboxylic acid containing drugs across lipid bilayers of model vesicles. Due to the drug-like characteristics of the transporters, this finding could not only have implications for drug delivery, but also hints towards potential drug-drug and drug-food interactions.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) published new progress about Anion transporters Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Product Details of C11H9I3N2O4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Brueckner, Ira published the artcileTool for selecting indicator substances to evaluate the impact of wastewater treatment plants on receiving water bodies, Related Products of isoquinoline, the main research area is indicator substance water body wastewater treatment plant; Advanced wastewater treatment; Monitoring; Organic micropollutants; Ozonation; Statistical analysis; Water quality.

The elimination of organic micropollutants (OMPs) from wastewater could in future become mandatory for operators of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Indicator substances are a great help and a cost-efficient way in monitoring the pollution of water bodies with OMPs caused by the discharge of WWTPs. However, with the still increasing number of OMPs in our environment, the selection of suitable indicator substances presents a challenge. A concept was developed to help identify representative indicator substances. The derived indicator substances are not only used to assess water pollution, but can also be used to calculate elimination efficiencies of WWTPs. In the present investigations, the indicator substances were used to evaluate the reduction of OMPs in the water body on the basis of the expansion of a WWTP with an ozonation plant. The transferability of the tool was verified with a second WWTP. Furthermore, the impact of the number of measurements was analyzed via statistical combinatorics. With the tool, 36 substances were classified, leading to the identification of 9 suggested indicator substances. Among them ibuprofen and diclofenac attracted attention due to their ecotoxicol. relevance. Detailed data analyses were carried out using principal component anal. (PCA) and loads.

Science of the Total Environment published new progress about Bodies of water. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Related Products of isoquinoline.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Timmers, Peer H. A. published the artcileImproved drinking water quality after adding advanced oxidation for organic micropollutant removal to pretreatment of river water undergoing dune infiltration near The Hague, Netherlands, Application of Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is organic micropollutant drinking water quality advanced oxidation process Netherland; Advanced oxidation process (AOP); Drinking water production; Dune infiltration; Managed aquifer recharge and recovery (MARR); Organic micropollutants (OMP).

Introduction of AOP decreased the number and concentration of OMP that were introduced during MARR, which decreased the risk of neg. impacts on ecol. and groundwater. The many uncertainties, such as seasonal and annual fluctuations of the intake water and in the infltration ponds, made it diffcult to determine if factors were directly affected by the AOP introduction. However, AOP did increase the amount of easily biol. degradable compounds, but these were diluted with non-AOP treated infltration water and degraded during transport to the dunes, making the effects on MARR negligible. Several OMP that were not removed during AOP, were removed during MARR. The overall OMP concentrations in resulting drinking water therefore decreased after introduction of AOP, without showing a measurable neg. effect on other water quality parameters.

Journal of Hazardous Materials published new progress about Afipia. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Application of Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Lee, Hsiang-Chun published the artcileJNK/ATF2 Pathway Is Involved in Iodinated Contrast Media-Induced Apoptosis, Category: isoquinoline, the main research area is diatrizole iodixanol iothalamate iohexol JNK ATF2 signaling apoptosis.

Background/Aims: Notably, activating transcriptional factor 2 (ATF2), a histone-modification gene, is involved in oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of ATF2 in contrast media-induced nephropathy. Methods: Human embryonic kidney 293T cells were treated with four different contrast media:ionic high-osmolar diatrizoate; ionic low-osmolar iothalamate; non-ionic low-osmolar iohexol, and non-ionic iso-osmolar iodixanol. The mRNA expression of ATF2 was determined by real-time PCR. Short interfering RNA was used to knock down ATF2 mRNA expression. Phosphorylation of ATF2 was measured by Western blotting. Wistar rats were administered either diatrizoate or a normal saline injection. Apoptosis in kidney tubular cells was determined by the presence of pos. TUNEL stain. Results: Diatrizoate, iodixanol and iothalamate, but not iohexol, induced the expression of ATF2 mRNA and phosphorylation of ATF2 in 293T cells in a time-dependent manner. More apoptotic cells were in diatrizoate-treated kidney cells than in the saline injection group (p < 0.00001). Cell death was significantly increased by knockdown ATF2 expression in the presence of diatrizoate, indicating a protective role of ATF2 in contrast media-induced apoptosis. Conclusions: Differential activation of ATF2 by different contrast media provides a new insight into the mechanism and prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy. American Journal of Nephrology published new progress about Apoptosis. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Category: isoquinoline.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Di Marcantonio, Camilla published the artcileOrganic micropollutant removal in full-scale rapid sand filters used for drinking water treatment in The Netherlands and Belgium, HPLC of Formula: 117-96-4, the main research area is micropollutant sand filters drinking water treatment; Drinking water treatment; Microbial community composition analysis; Non-target screening; Organic micropollutants; Rapid sand filtration; Transformation products.

Biol. treatment processes have the potential to remove organic micropollutants (OMPs) duringwater treatment. The OMP removal capacity of conventional drinking water treatment processes such asrapid sand filters (RSFs), however, has not been studied in detail. We investigated OMP removal and transformation product (TP) formation in seven full-scale RSFs all treating surface water, using highresoln. mass spectrometry based quant. suspect and non-target screening (NTS). Addnl.,we studied the microbial communities with 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing (NGS) in both influent and effluent waters as well as the filter medium, and integrated these data to comprehensively assess the processes that affect OMP removal. In the RSF influent, 9 to 30 of the 127 target OMPs were detected. Theremoval efficiencies ranged from 0 to 93%. A data-driven workflow was established to monitor TPs, basedon the combination of NTS feature intensity profiles between influent and effluent samples and the prediction of biotic TPs. The workflow identified 10 TPs, including mol. structure. Microbial community composition anal. showed similar community composition in the influent and effluent of most RSFs, but different from the filter medium, implying that specific microorganisms proliferate in the RSFs. Some of these are able to perform typical processes in water treatment such as nitrification and iron oxidation

Chemosphere published new progress about Biomass Role: POL (Pollutant), REM (Removal or Disposal), OCCU (Occurrence), PROC (Process). 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, HPLC of Formula: 117-96-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Musdal, Yaman published the artcileFDA-approved drugs and other compounds tested as inhibitors of human glutathione transferase P1-1, Category: isoquinoline, the main research area is recombinant glutathione transferase P11 inhibitor adjuvant chemotherapy; Adjuvant chemotherapeutics; Enzyme inhibition; Ethacrynic acid; FDA-approved drugs; Glutathione transferase P1-1.

Glutathione transferase P1-1 (GST P1-1) is often overexpressed in tumor cells and is regarded as a contributor to their drug resistance. Inhibitors of GST P1-1 are expected to counteract drug resistance and may therefore serve as adjuvants in the chemotherapy of cancer by increasing the efficacy of cytostatic drugs. Finding useful inhibitors among compounds used for other indications would be a shortcut to clin. applications and a search for GST P1-1 inhibitors among approved drugs and other compounds was therefore conducted. We tested 1040 FDA-approved compounds as inhibitors of the catalytic activity of purified human GST P1-1 in vitro. We identified chlorophyllide, merbromine, hexachlorophene, and ethacrynic acid as the most effective GST P1-1 inhibitors with IC50 values in the low micromolar range. For comparison, these compounds were even more potent in the inhibition of human GST A3-3, an enzyme implicated in steroid hormone biosynthesis. In distinction from the other inhibitors, which showed conventional inhibition patterns, the competitive inhibitor ethacrynic acid elicited strong kinetic cooperativity in the glutathione saturation of GST P1-1. Apparently, ethacrynic acid serves as an allosteric inhibitor of the enzyme. In their own right, the compounds investigated are less potent than desired for adjuvants in cancer chemotherapy, but the structures of the most potent inhibitors could serve as leads for the synthesis of more efficient adjuvants.

Chemico-Biological Interactions published new progress about Homo sapiens. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Category: isoquinoline.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Ghattas, Ann-Kathrin published the artcileAnaerobic biodegradation of (emerging) organic contaminants in the aquatic environment, Quality Control of 117-96-4, the main research area is review emerging organic contaminant anaerobic biodegradation biol wastewater treatment; Anaerobic biodegradation; Biocides; Complex multifunctional contaminants (CMCs); Emerging organic contaminants (EOCs); Pesticides; Pharmaceuticals; Simple mono- or oligofunctional contaminants (SMOCs); Transformation.

Although strictly anaerobic conditions prevail in several environmental compartments, up to now, biodegradation studies with emerging organic contaminants (EOCs), such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products, have mainly focused on aerobic conditions. One of the reasons probably is the assumption that the aerobic degradation is more energetically favorable than degradation under strictly anaerobic conditions. Certain aerobically recalcitrant contaminants, however, are biodegraded under strictly anaerobic conditions and little is known about the organisms and enzymic processes involved in their degradation This review provides a comprehensive survey of characteristic anaerobic biotransformation reactions for a variety of well-studied, structurally rather simple contaminants (SMOCs) bearing one or a few different functional groups/structural moieties. Furthermore it summarizes anaerobic degradation studies of more complex contaminants with several functional groups (CMCs), in soil, sediment and wastewater treatment. While strictly anaerobic conditions are able to promote the transformation of several aerobically persistent contaminants, the variety of observed reactions is limited, with reductive dehalogenations and the cleavage of ether bonds being the most prevalent. Thus, it becomes clear that the transferability of degradation mechanisms deduced from culture studies of SMOCs to predict the degradation of CMCs, such as EOCs, in environmental matrixes is hampered due the more complex chem. structure bearing different functional groups, different environmental conditions (e.g. matrix, redox, pH), the microbial community (e.g. adaptation, competition) and the low concentrations typical for EOCs.

Water Research published new progress about Alcohols, linear Role: MOA (Modifier or Additive Use), POL (Pollutant), USES (Uses), OCCU (Occurrence) (ethoxylated). 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Quality Control of 117-96-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Sugihara, Matthew N. published the artcileTiO2-photocatalyzed transformation of the recalcitrant x-ray contrast agent diatrizoate, Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is x ray contrast agent diatrizoate wastewater photocatalytic treatment; diatrizoate wastewater photocatalytic degradation advanced oxidation reductive dehalogenation.

Iodinated x-ray contrast media (ICM) are biol. recalcitrant chems. that are often detected in wastewater-impacted environments at higher concentrations than other pharmaceutical micropollutants of concern. Diatrizoate is an anionic ICM that is especially resistant to conventional wastewater and drinking water treatment processes. This study examined the aqueous photocatalytic treatment of diatrizoate using nanophase titanium dioxide (TiO2). Experiments demonstrated that diatrizoate can be degraded in aqueous TiO2 suspensions illuminated with UV-A light. In oxic solutions, diatrizoate degraded principally via oxidation by adsorbed OH radicals, releasing iodine substituents stoichiometrically, but causing little mineralization of organic C and N. Introduction of OH scavengers significantly slowed the rate of photocatalytic degradation At circumneutral pH, diatrizoate was oxidized much more slowly than iopromide, a nonionic ICM, in part because of unfavorable electrostatic interactions with the neg. charged TiO2 surface; increased rates of oxidation observed at lower pH conditions can be attributed to more favorable diatrizoate-TiO2 sorptive interactions. Experiments also demonstrated that diatrizoate was degraded at appreciable rates in anoxic solutions, and reductive dehalogenation products are identified by liquid chromatog.-mass spectrometry. The higher selectivity of reductive processes suggests a promising strategy for targeted treatment of recalcitrant ICM in organic-rich matrixes like wastewater effluent.

Applied Catalysis, B: Environmental published new progress about Mass spectra (of diatrizoate and transformation products). 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Hu, Chen-Yan published the artcileDegradation kinetics of diatrizoate during UV photolysis and UV/chlorination, Application In Synthesis of 117-96-4, the main research area is diatrizoate UV photolysis chlorination degradation kinetics.

The degradation kinetics of the widely used iodinated X-ray contrast medium, namely diatrizoate, was investigated during UV photolysis and UV/chlorination. Factors influencing diatrizoate degradation, such as pH, chlorine dosage, and bromide concentration, were also evaluated. Diatrizoate was not degraded during chlorination. However, the degradation of diatrizoate during UV photolysis and UV/chlorination complied with the pseudo-first-order kinetics. At pH 7, the pseudo-first-order rate constant during UV/chlorination was 9.3 times higher than that during UV photolysis. The results of a radical quenching test using excessive tert-butanol suggested that the contribution of ·Cl, a type of reactive chlorine species (RCS), was limited. The contributions of UV direct photolysis, hydroxyl radicals (·OH), and RCS to diatrizoate degradation during UV/chlorination at pH 7 were estimated to be 12.8%, 1.2%, and 85.9%, resp. Results of further experiment suggested that ·OCl primarily caused diatrizoate degradation As the chlorine concentration gradually increased from 25 to 150 μM, the corresponding pseudo-first-order rate constant of UV/chlorination increased from 8.37 (±0.42) × 10-3 to 5.52 (±0.28) × 10-2 s-1. When the pH value was increased from 5 to 9, the rate of diatrizoate degradation reached the maximum at pH 7 and gradually decreased during UV/chlorination; however, the rate of diatrizoate degradation remained stable during UV photolysis. The degradation of diatrizoate was inhibited when the bromide concentration was increased due to the competition for chlorine between bromide and diatrizoate; thus, the generation of ·OCl was limited. Compared with UV irradiation, UV/chlorination could reduce the formation of iodinated trihalomethanes (I-THM) after chlorination. However, dichloroacetonitrile (C2HCl2N), which is carcinogenic, was generated during UV/chlorination.

Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) published new progress about pH. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Application In Synthesis of 117-96-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem