Category: 117-96-4

Thellmann, Paul published the artcileFish embryo tests with Danio rerio as a tool to evaluate surface water and sediment quality in rivers influenced by wastewater treatment plants using different treatment technologies, Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is Danio river surface water sediment quality WWTP technol FET; Fish embryo test; Powdered activated carbon; Sediment; Toxicity; Wastewater.

In order to evaluate surface water and the sediment quality of rivers connected to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with different treatment technologies, fish embryo tests (FET) with Danio rerio were conducted using native water and sediment samples collected upstream and downstream of four WWTPs in Southern Germany. Two of these WWTPs are connected to the Schussen River, a tributary of Lake Constance, and use a sand filter with final water purification by flocculation. The two others are located on the rivers Schmiecha and Eyach in the area of the Swabian Alb and were equipped with a powd. activated carbon stage 20 years ago, which was originally aimed at reducing the release of stains from the textile industry. Several endpoints of embryo toxicity including mortality, malformations, reduced hatching rate, and heart rate were investigated at defined time points of embryonic development. Higher embryotoxic potentials were found in water and sediments collected downstream of the WWTPs equipped with sand filtration than in the sample obtained downstream of both WWTPs upgraded with a powd. activated carbon stage.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research published new progress about Carbonates Role: OCU (Occurrence, Unclassified), POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence). 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Reddy, G. Mahesh Kumar published the artcileDevelopment and validation of stability indicating UPLC method for the determination of diatrizoic acid related impurities in bulk and finished formulations, Application In Synthesis of 117-96-4, the main research area is diatrizoic acid finished formulation UPLC method stability development.

A simple, sensitive and stability indicating RP-UPLC method was developed and validated for the estimation of Diatrizoic acid and its related impurities in bulk and finished dosage forms by using Acquity UPLC CSH C18 (1.7μm 100*2.1 mm) column with 0.05% formic acid in milli-Q water and acetonitrile as mobile phase in gradient elution mode with a run time of 12 min at a wavelength of 238 nm. Drug was subjected to forced degradation and the samples were analyzed by the developed method to establish the stability indicating power of the method. The LOD values were 0.01, 0.009, 0.012, 0.011μ g mL-1 and the LOQ values were 0.04, 0.027, 0.035, 0.034μg mL-1 resp. for DTA and its 3 related substances. The average recovery values for DTA and impurities were found to be in the range of 97.4-101.9%. The developed method was linear over a range of 0.03- 0.3μg mL-1 for DTA impurities.

Journal of Applicable Chemistry (Lumami, India) published new progress about Acetonitriles Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Application In Synthesis of 117-96-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Ye, Tao published the artcileComparison of iodinated trihalomethanes formation during aqueous chlor(am)ination of different iodinated X-ray contrast media compounds in the presence of natural organic matter, Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is iodinated trihalomethane aqueous chlorination chloramination ICM media compound NOM; Chlor(am)ination; Disinfection by-products; Iodinated X-ray contrast media; Iodinated trihalomethanes.

Iodinated trihalomethanes (I-THMs) formation during chlorination and chloramination of five iodinated X-ray contrast media (ICM) compounds (iopamidol, iopromide, iodixanol, histodenz, and diatrizoate) in the presence of natural organic matter (NOM) was evaluated and compared. Chlorination and chloramination of ICM in the absence of NOM yielded only a trace amount of I-THMs, while levels of I-THMs were enhanced substantially in raw water samples. With the presence of NOM, the order with respect to the maximum yield of I-THMs observed during chlorination was iopamidol >> histodenz > iodixanol > diatrizoate > iopromide. During chloramination, I-THM formation was enhanced for hisodenz, iodixanol, diatrizoate, and iopromide. The order with respect to the maximum yield of I-THMs observed during chloramination was iopamidol > diatrizoate > iodixanol > histodenz > iopromide. With the exception of iopamidol, I-THM formation was favored at relatively low chlorine doses (≤100 μM) during ICM chlorination, and significant suppression was observed with high chlorine doses applied (>100 μM). However, during chloramination, increasing monochloramine dose monotonously increased the yield of I-THMs for the five ICM. During chlorination of iodixanol, histodenz, and diatrizoate, the yields of I-THMs exhibited three distinct trends as the pH increased from 5 to 9, while peak I-THM formation was found at circumneutral pH for chloramination. Increasing bromide concentration not only considerably enhanced the yield of I-THMs but also shifted the I-THMs towards bromine-containing ones and increased the formation of higher bromine-incorporated species (e.g., CHBrClI and CHBr2I), especially in chloramination. These results are of particular interest to understand I-THM formation mechanisms during chlorination and chloramination of waters containing ICM.

Water Research published new progress about Bromides Role: OCU (Occurrence, Unclassified), POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence). 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Jeong, Clara H. published the artcileThe impact of iodinated X-ray contrast agents on formation and toxicity of disinfection by-products in drinking water, SDS of cas: 117-96-4, the main research area is iodinated contrast agent toxicity disinfection byproduct drinking water; Disinfection by-products; Iodinated X-ray contrast media; Iodo-DBPs.

The presence of iodinated X-ray contrast media (ICM) in source waters is of high concern to public health because of their potential to generate highly toxic disinfection byproducts (DBPs). The objective of this study was to determine the impact of ICM in source waters and the type of disinfectant on the overall toxicity of DBP mixtures and to determine which ICM and reaction conditions give rise to toxic byproducts. Source waters collected from Akron, OH were treated with five different ICMs, including iopamidol, iopromide, iohexol, diatrizoate and iomeprol, with or without chlorine or chloramine disinfection. The reaction product mixtures were concentrated with XAD resins and the mammalian cell cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the reaction mixture concentrates was measured. Water containing iopamidol generated an enhanced level of mammalian cell cytotoxicity and genotoxicity after disinfection. While chlorine disinfection with iopamidol resulted in the highest cytotoxicity overall, the relative iopamidol-mediated increase in toxicity was greater when chloramine was used as the disinfectant compared with chlorine. Four other ICMs (iopromide, iohexol, diatrizoate, and iomeprol) expressed some cytotoxicity over the control without any disinfection, and induced higher cytotoxicity when chlorinated. Only iohexol enhanced genotoxicity compared to the chlorinated source water.

Journal of Environmental Sciences (Beijing, China) published new progress about Cytotoxicity Role: OCU (Occurrence, Unclassified), POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence). 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, SDS of cas: 117-96-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Wolf, Anja published the artcileOccurrence and distribution of organic trace substances in waters from the Three Gorges Reservoir, China, Safety of Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is organic trace substance water reservoir distribution China.

This study deals with the evaluation of water quality of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) in order to assess its suitability as a raw water source for drinking water production Therefore, water samples from (1) surface water, (2) tap water, and (3) wastewater treatment plant effluents were taken randomly by 2011-2012 in the area of the TGR and were analyzed for seven different organic contaminant groups (207 substances in total), applying nine different anal. methods. In the three sampled water sources, typical contaminant patterns were found, i.e., pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in surface water with concentrations of 0.020-3.5 μg/L and 0.004-0.12 μg/L, disinfection byproducts in tap water with concentrations of 0.050-79 μg/L, and pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment plant effluents with concentrations of 0.020-0.76 μg/L, resp. The most frequently detected organic compounds in surface water (45 positives out of 57 samples) were the pyridine pesticides clopyralid and picloram. The concentrations might indicate that they are used on a regular basis and in conjunction in the area of the TGR. Three- and four-ring PAH were ubiquitously distributed, while the poorly soluble five- and six-ring members, perfluorinated compounds, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polybrominated di-Ph ethers, were below the detection limit. In general, the detected concentrations in TGR are in the same range or even lower compared to surface waters in western industrialized countries, although contaminant loads can still be high due to a high discharge. With the exception of the two pesticides, clopyralid and picloram, concentrations of the investigated organic pollutants in TGR meet the limits of the Chinese Standards for Drinking Water Quality GB 5749 (Ministry of Health of China and Standardization Administration of China ) and the European Union (EU) Council Directive 98/83/EC on the quality of water intended for human consumption (The Council of the European Union ), or rather, the EU Directive on environmental quality standards in the field of water policy (The European Parliament and The Council of the European Union ). Therefore, the suggested use of surface water from TGR for drinking water purposes is a valid option. Current treatment methods, however, do not seem to be efficient since organic pollutants were detected in significant concentrations in purified tap water.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research published new progress about Carbamates Role: OCU (Occurrence, Unclassified), POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence). 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Safety of Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Wolff, David published the artcileInsights into the variability of microbial community composition and micropollutant degradation in diverse biological wastewater treatment systems, Name: Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is wastewater treatment plant activated sludge microbial community micropollutant degradation; 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing; Activated sludge; Microbial community; Micropollutants; Sequencing batch reactor (SBR); Wastewater.

The biol. potential of conventional wastewater treatment plants to remove micropollutants mainly depends on process conditions and the predominant microbial community. To explore this dependence and to connect the occurrence of genera with operating conditions, five pilot-scale reactors with different process conditions were combined into two reactor cascades and fed with the effluent of the primary clarifier of a municipal WWTP. All reactors and the WWTP were analyzed for the removal of 33 micropollutants by LC-MS/MS and the presence of the microbial community using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The overall removal of the micropollutants was slightly improved (ca. 20%) by the reactor cascades in comparison to the WWTP while certain compounds such as diatrizoate, venlafaxine or diclofenac showed an enhanced removal (ca. 70% in one or both cascades). To explore the diverse bacteria in more detail, the general community was divided into a core and a specialized community. Despite their profoundly different operating parameters (especially redox conditions), the different treatments share a core community consisted of 143 genera (9% of the overall community). Furthermore, the alpha- and beta-biodiversity as well as the occurrence of several genera belonging to the specialized microbial community could be linked to the prevalent process conditions of the individual treatments. Members of the specialized community also correlated with the removal of certain groups of micropollutants. Hence, the comparison of the specialized community with micropollutant removal and operating conditions via correlation anal. is a valuable tool for an extended evaluation of prevalent process conditions. Based on an extended data set this approach could also be used to identify organisms as indicators for operating conditions which are beneficial for an improved removal of specific micropollutants.

Water Research published new progress about Acidovorax. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Name: Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Muz, Melis published the artcileNontargeted detection and identification of (aromatic) amines in environmental samples based on diagnostic derivatization and LC-high resolution mass spectrometry, Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is aromatic amine diagnostic derivatization high resolution mass spectrum; Aromatic amines; Diagnostic derivatization; High resolution mass spectrometry.

The presence of aromatic amines in the environment has been in the focus of research, as many of these compounds are known or suspected mutagens and carcinogens. To facilitate the detection of aromatic amines in complex environmental samples by LC-high resolution mass spectrometry, an online-post-column and a pre-column derivatization method to label (in an ideal case) all aromatic amines was evaluated by applying different derivatization reagents. 4-Fluoro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD-F) was found to be the most promising labeling reagent due to its high reactivity with both primary and secondary amines and its low signal in pos. mode electrospray ionization (ESI+). Post-column online derivatization did not result in sufficient signal intensities of derivatives With pre-column derivatization most of the selected aromatic amines resulted in a derivative that shows common fragments of diagnostic value. The selectivity of NBD-F was studied in depth with a data set of 220 compounds with different functional groups showing that also aliphatic amines and some thiols yield a derivative The developed method was successfully applied to wastewater effluent samples and several derivatives were confirmed by diagnostic neutral losses.

Chemosphere published new progress about Aromatic amines Role: OCU (Occurrence, Unclassified), POL (Pollutant), OCCU (Occurrence). 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Kuckelkorn, Jochen published the artcileA hierarchical testing strategy for micropollutants in drinking water regarding their potential endocrine-disrupting effects-towards health-related indicator values, Quality Control of 117-96-4, the main research area is endocrine disrupting chem drinking water micropollutant hierarchical testing HRIV; Bioassays; Drinking water; Endocrine effects; Risk assessment; Testing strategy.

In Germany, micropollutants that (may) occur in drinking water are assessed by means of the health-related indicator value (HRIV concept), developed by the German Federal Environment Agency. This concept offers five threshold values (≤ 0.01 to ≤ 3μg l-1) depending on availability and completeness of data regarding genotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and germ cell-damaging potential. However, the HRIV concept is yet lacking integration of endocrine disruptors as one of the most prominent toxicol. concerns in water bodies, including drinking water. Thresholds and proposed bioassays hence urgently need to be defined. Since endocrine disruption of ubiquitary chems. as pharmaceuticals, industrial byproducts, or pesticides is a big issue in current ecotoxicol., the aim of this study was to explore endocrine effects, i.e., estrogenic and androgenic effects, as an important, addnl. toxicol. mode of action for the HRIV concept using a hierarchical set of well-known but improved bioassays. Results indicate that all of the 13 tested substances, industrial chems. and combustion products (5), pharmaceuticals and medical agents (4), and pesticides and metabolites (4), have no affinity to the estrogen and androgen receptor in human U2OS cells without metabolic activation, even when dosed at their water solubility limit, while in contrast some of these substances showed estrogenic effects in the RYES assay, as predicted in pre-test QSAR anal. Using a specifically developed S9-mix with the U2OS cells, those micropollutants, i.e., Benzo[a]pyrene, 2,4-Dichlorophenol, 3,3-Dichlorbenzidin, 3,4-Dichloranilin, and diclofenac, they show estrogenic effects at the same concentration range as for the yeast cells. Three of the drinking water-relevant chems., i.e., atrazine, tributyltin oxide, and diclofenac, caused effects on hormone production in the H295R assay, which can be correlated with changes in the expression of steroidogenic genes. One chem., 17α-Ethinylestradiol, caused an estrogenic or anti-androgenic effect in the reproduction test with Potamopyrgus antipodarum. Considering these results, a proposal for a test strategy for micropollutants in drinking water regarding potential endocrine effects (hormonal effects on reproduction and sexual development) will be presented to enhance the existing HRIV concept.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research published new progress about Animal gene Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study) (CYP17A1). 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Quality Control of 117-96-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Wolf, Leif published the artcileTracking artificial sweeteners and pharmaceuticals introduced into urban groundwater by leaking sewer networks, Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is monitoring artificial sweetener pharmaceutical urban groundwater pollution; sewer leak pharmaceutical artificial sweetener pollution urban groundwater.

There is little quant. information on temporal trends of pharmaceuticals and other emerging pollutants, including artificial sweeteners, in urban groundwater and their suitability as tracers to aid in urban water management. This work monitored pharmaceuticals and artificial sweeteners for 6 years in a shallow urban groundwater body along with conventional wastewater tracers in an observation well network specifically constructed to assess sewer leaks. Of 71 substances screened, 24 were determined at greater than anal. detection limits. The most frequent compounds were the iodinated x-ray contrast medium, amidotrizoic acid (35.3%), the anticonvulsant, carbamazepine (33.3%), and the artificial sweetener acesulfame (27.5%); all other substances occurred in <10% of screened wells. Results from a group of specifically constructed focus wells within 10 m of defective sewers confirmed sewer leaks as a major entrance pathway to groundwater. Pharmaceutical and artificial sweetener spatial distribution corresponded well with pipeline leakage model predictions, which operate on optical sewer condition monitoring data and hydraulic information. Correlations between carbamazepine, iodinated X-ray contrast media, and artificial sweetener concentrations were weak to non-existent. Peak concentrations of ≤4130 ng/L amidotrizoic acid were observed in groundwater downstream from a local hospital. Anal. of 168 samples for amidotrizoic acid, collected on 5 dates, did not show significant temporal trends for years 2002-2008, despite changed recommendations in the medical use of amidotrizoic acid. Detailed results showed that current mass balance approaches for urban groundwater bodies must be adapted to reflect spatially distributed leaks and variable wastewater composition in addition to lateral and horizontal groundwater fluxes. Science of the Total Environment published new progress about Drugs. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Hennebel, Tom published the artcileRemoval of diatrizoate with catalytically active membranes incorporating microbially produced palladium nanoparticles, Application In Synthesis of 117-96-4, the main research area is diatrizoate biogenic palladium nanoparticle PVDF polysulfone dehalogenation wastewater treatment.

There is an increasing concern about the fate of iodinated contrast media (ICM) in the environment. Limited removal efficiencies of currently applied techniques such as advanced oxidation processes require more performant strategies. The aim of this study was to establish an innovative degradation process for diatrizoate, a highly recalcitrant ICM, by using biogenic Pd nanoparticles as free suspension or immobilized in polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polysulfone (PSf) membranes. As measured by HPLC-UV, the removal of 20 mg L-1 diatrizoate by a 10 mg L-1 Pd suspension was completed after 4 h at a pH of 10. LC-MS anal. provided evidence for the sequential hydrodeiodination of diatrizoate. Pd did not lose its activity after incorporation in the PVDF and PSf matrix and the highest activity (k cat = 30.0 ± 0.4 h-1 L g-1 Pd) was obtained with a casting solution of 10% PSf and 500 mg L-1 Pd. Subsequently, water containing 20 mg L-1 diatrizoate was treated in a membrane contactor, in which the water was supplied at one side of the membrane while hydrogen was provided at the other side. In a fed batch configuration, a removal efficiency of 77% after a time period of 48 h was obtained. This work showed that membrane contactors with encapsulated biogenic nanoparticles can be instrumental for treatment of water contaminated with diatrizoate.

Water Research published new progress about pH. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Application In Synthesis of 117-96-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem