Tag: M.W=600-700

Kvedariene, Violeta published the artcileInherent clinical properties of non-immediate hypersensitivity to iodinated contrast media, SDS of cas: 117-96-4, the main research area is iodixanol antiinflammatory non immediate hypersensitivity contrast media skin symptom; diagnostic workup; drug hypersensitivity; iodinated contrast media; skin reactions.

Iodinated contrast media (ICM) is a frequently used compound in radiol. Non-immediate hypersensitivity reactions (HSR) appear when a patient leaves the department and usually are undocumented. True hypersensitivity in this group is rarely proved. Single-center 2014-2018 data were retrospectively analyzed. HSR to ICM were classified and investigated according to the time of occurrence (immediate <1 h, non-immediate >1 h). ENDA questionnaire and skin tests (prick or intradermal test) were performed according to ENDA/EAACI recommendations. The 69 patients with a clin. history of HSR to ICM were identified, 72.46% were females (n = 50). The average age was 56 (SD ± 13.16) years. Non-immediate HSR occurred in 28.99% (n = 20) patients. The suspected culprit drugs were: iodixanol 20% (n = 4), iopromide 5% (n = 1), diatrizoate 10% (n = 2) and iohexol 10% (n = 2). Among non-immediate HSR 96.00% (n = 19) of patients had skin rashes. A statistically significant correlation was found between the clin. symptoms and the type of reaction (p-value <0.05): isolated skin manifestations mostly occurred in non-immediate HSR 75.00% (n = 15). Only 13.04% (n = 9) of all the patients were proved to be allergic to a certain ICM after the proposed diagnostic workup. One-third of the hypersensitivity reactions investigated were classified as non-immediate type. Most of them manifested with isolated skin symptoms. The most frequent culprit drug encountered was iodixanol. The overall non-immediate hypersensitivity confirmation rate after diagnostic evaluation was only 15%. International Journal of Clinical Practice published new progress about Anaphylaxis. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, SDS of cas: 117-96-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Moura de Salles Pupo, Marilia published the artcileCharacterization and comparison of Ti/TiO2-NT/SnO2-SbBi, Ti/SnO2-SbBi and BDD anode for the removal of persistent iodinated contrast media (ICM), Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is titanium tin dioxide boron doped diamond water treatment; Electrochemical oxidation; Iodinated contrast media; Mixed metal oxide electrode; TiO(2) nanotubes.

We investigated impact of a TiO2 nanotube (NT) interlayer on the electrochem. performance and service life of Sb and Bi-doped SnO2-coatings synthesized on a titanium mesh. Ti/SnO2-SbBi electrode was synthesized by a thermal decomposition method using ionic liquid as a precursor solvent. Ti/TiO2-NT/SnO2-SbBi electrode was obtained by a two-step electrochem. anodization, followed by the same process of thermal decomposition Electrochem. oxidation experiments were performed using iodinated contrast media (ICM) as model organic contaminants persistent to oxidation At c.d. of 50 A m-2, BDD clearly outperformed synthesized mixed metal oxide electrodes, with 2 to 3-fold higher oxidation rates observed for ICM. However, at 100 and 150 A m-2, Ti/SnO2-SbBi had similar performance to BDD, whereas Ti/TiO2-NT/SnO2-SbBi yielded even higher oxidation rates. Disappearance of the target ICM was followed by up to 80% removal of adsorbable organic iodide (AOI) for all three materials, further demonstrating iodine cleavage and thus oxidative degradation of ICM mediated by HO·. The presence of a TiO2 NT interlayer yielded nearly 4-fold increase in anode stability and dislocated the oxygen evolution reaction by +0.2 V. Thus, TiO2 NT interlayer enhanced electrode stability and service life, and the electrocatalytic activity for the degradation of persistent organic contaminants.

Chemosphere published new progress about Anodization. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Hamann, Enrico published the artcileThe fate of organic micropollutants during long-term/long-distance river bank filtration, Application of Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is fate organic micropollutant longTerm long distance river bank filtration; Degradation; Long-term behavior; Numerical modeling; Organic micropollutants; Removal; River bank filtration.

The fate of organic micropollutants during long-term/long-distance river bank filtration (RBF) at a temporal scale of several years was studied along a row of monitoring wells perpendicular to the Lek River (the Netherlands). Out of 247 compounds, which were irregularly analyzed in the period 1999-2013, only 15 were detected in both the river and river bank observation wells. Out of these, 10 compounds (1,4-dioxan, 1,5-naphthalene disulfonate (1,5-NDS), 2-amino-1,5-NDS, 3-amino-1,5-NDS, AOX, carbamazepine, EDTA, MTBE, toluene and triphenylphosphine oxide) showed fully persistent behavior (showing no concentration decrease at all), even after 3.6 yr transit time. The remaining 5 compounds (1,3,5-naphthalene trisulfonate (1,3,5-NTS), 1,3,6-NTS, diglyme, iopamidol, triglyme) were partially removed. Their reactive transport parameters (removal rate constants/half-lives, retardation coefficients) were inferred from numerical modeling. Maximum half-lives for 14 of the fully removed compounds, for which the data availability was sufficient to deduce 100% removal during sub-surface passage, were approximated based on travel times to the nearest well. The study is one of very few reporting on the long-term field-scale behavior of organic micropollutants. It highlights the efficiency of RBF for water quality improvement as a pre-treatment step for drinking water production However, it also shows the very persistent behavior of various compounds in groundwater.

Science of the Total Environment published new progress about Antibiotics. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Application of Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Stieber, Michael published the artcileTreatment of Pharmaceuticals and Diagnostic Agents Using Zero-Valent Iron – Kinetic Studies and Assessment of Transformation Products Assay, Application of Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is pharmaceutical diagnostic agent zeroValent iron kinetic transformation product.

This research examined whether treatment with 0-valent Fe in the presence of O is a suitable process for the degradation of pharmaceuticals (antibiotics, cytostatic drugs) and diagnostic agents. It was shown that the concentration of all selected compounds was decreased efficiently by treatment with Fe. The compounds exhibited a pseudo-1st-order decay with a linear dependence on ln(c/c0) on time. The observed reaction rate strongly depended on pH, the amount of added Fe, and the stirring speed. The effect of temperature on the reaction rate was small. Comparison of detected transformation products with those obtained after catalytic hydrogenation and treatment with Fenton’s reagent revealed that reductive and oxidative processes are responsible for the transformations observed

Environmental Science & Technology published new progress about Antibiotics. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Application of Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Candela, Lucila published the artcileMonitoring of selected pharmaceuticals over 3 years in a detrital aquifer during artificial groundwater recharge, Related Products of isoquinoline, the main research area is pharmaceutical detrital aquifer groundwater recharge treatment.

A screening survey of 81 pharmaceuticals was carried out at a wastewater facility and in a detrital aquifer (Barcelona, Spain), where treated wastewater (TWW) was injected through wells to build up a hydraulic barrier against seawater intrusion. The monitored data correspond to the 2007-2010 period. The TWW was tertiary treated with addnl. treatment consisting of ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis and UV disinfection. During the monitoring period groundwater monitoring was carried out in wells located within a 1-km radius distance from the injection wells. During monitoring period 20 new pharmaceuticals were detected in the aquifer media and 11 compounds were found with concentration above 0.1 μg l-1 (selected threshold) in both TWW and wells. After 1 yr of TWW injection change of redox conditions, a decrease of Cl- concentration and presence of 11 pharmaceuticals (4-AAA, 4-FAA, carbamazepine, ciprofloxacin, diazepam, diclofenac, hydrochlorothiazide, mepivacaine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfamethazine and sulfapyridine) was observed in the monitoring wells. After the studied period the sodium-chloride aquifer water type evolved to a bicarbonate-sulfate facies. Decrease of the pharmaceuticals concentration in groundwater appears to be driven by the dilution process and hydraulic characteristics of the aquifer media, with the attenuation or degradation process much less important.

Environmental Earth Sciences published new progress about Antibiotics. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Related Products of isoquinoline.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Weemaes, M. published the artcileRemoval of micropollutants in WWTP effluent by biological assisted membrane carbon filtration (BioMAC), Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is biol assisted membrane carbon filtration removing micropollutant wastewater treatment.

In the frame of the European FP6 project Neptune, a combination of biol. activated C with ultrafiltration (BioMAC) was studied for micropollutant, pathogen and ecotoxicity removal. One pilot scale set-up and 2 lab-scale set-ups, of which in one set-up the granular activated C (GAC) was replaced by sand, were followed up during a period of 11 mo. A combination of GAC and ultrafiltration led to an almost complete removal of antibiotics and a high removal (> 80%) of most of the studied acidic pharmaceuticals and iodinated contrast media. The duration of the tests did however not allow to conclude that the biol. activation was able to extend the lifetime of the GAC. Also, a significant decrease in estrogenic and anti-androgenic activity could be illustrated. The set-up in which GAC was replaced by sand showed a considerably lower removal efficiency for micropollutants, especially for antibiotics but no influence on steroid activity.

Water Science and Technology published new progress about Antibiotics. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Morasch, Barbara published the artcileOccurrence and fate of micropollutants in the Vidy Bay of Lake Geneva, Switzerland. Part II: micropollutant removal between wastewater and raw drinking water, Computed Properties of 117-96-4, the main research area is micropollutant Vidy Bay Lake Geneva Switzerland; wastewater pharmaceutical endocrine disruptor corrosion inhibitor biocide pesticide; drinking water pharmaceutical endocrine disruptor corrosion inhibitor biocide pesticide.

The occurrence and removal of 58 pharmaceuticals, endocrine disruptors, corrosion inhibitors, biocides, and pesticides, were assessed in the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of the city of Lausanne, Switzerland, as well as in the effluent-receiving water body, the Vidy Bay of Lake Geneva. An anal. screening method to simultaneously measure all of the 58 micropollutants was developed based on ultra performance liquid chromatog. coupled to a tandem mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS/MS). The selection of pharmaceuticals was primarily based on a prioritization study, which designated them as environmentally relevant for the Lake Geneva region. Except for the endocrine disruptor 17α-ethinylestradiol, all substances were detected in 24-h composite samples of wastewater entering the WWTP or in the treated effluent. Of these compounds, 40% were also detected in raw drinking water, pumped from the lake 3 Km downstream of the WWTP. The contributions of dilution and degradation to micropollutant elimination between the WWTP outlet and the raw drinking water intake were established in different model scenarios using hypothetical residence times of the wastewater in Vidy Bay of 1, 4, or 90 days. Concentration decrease due to processes other than dilution was observed for diclofenac, beta-blockers, several antibiotics, corrosion inhibitors, and pesticides. Measured environmental concentrations (MECs) of pharmaceuticals were compared to the predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) determined in the prioritization study and agreed within one order of magnitude, but MECs were typically greater than the corresponding PECs. Predicted no-effect concentrations of the analgesic paracetamol, and the 2 antibiotics ciprofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole, were exceeded in raw drinking water samples and therefore present a potential risk to the ecosystem.

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published new progress about Antibiotics. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Computed Properties of 117-96-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Lipp, P. published the artcileRemoval of organic micro-pollutants during drinking water treatment by nanofiltration and reverse osmosis, Application of Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is organic micro pollutant nanofiltration reverse osmosis drinking water purification.

A study on a flat sheet membrane test unit for nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) with synthetic and natural waters was carried out in order to evaluate the performance of four NF/RO membranes for the removal of selected organic micro-pollutants. The influence of mol. weight and membrane material on removal efficiencies was shown. Perfluorinated compounds and X-ray contrast agents with mol. weights larger than 300 g/mol are rejected to a percentage of more than 90%. Pharmaceuticals and antibiotics show rejection values larger than 60%. For the substances with a mol. weight between 100 and 200 g/mol there is a large range of rejection values depending on the membrane type. RO membranes usually achieve higher rejection values than NF membranes. Rejection also depends on the type of organic micro-pollutant. Although NF/RO membranes do not reject substances selectively, NF/RO is a suitable treatment technol. for their removal if this is desired. However, it has to be considered that water composition is changed drastically by NF/RO such that a post treatment of the permeate may be required to keep up with the drinking water standards For full-scale application also the dosage of antiscalants has to be taken into account. In Germany there is a lively discussion about the discharge of concentrates when authorities have to decide on the realization of NF/RO plants.

Desalination and Water Treatment published new progress about Antibiotics. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Application of Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Wenk, Jannis published the artcileEffect of dissolved organic matter on the transformation of contaminants induced by excited triplet states and the hydroxyl radical, Category: isoquinoline, the main research area is dissolved organic matter transformation contaminant excited triplet state; organic matter transformation contaminant excited triplet state hydroxyl radical.

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) has recently been shown to reduce the transformation rate of various aqueous organic contaminants submitted to oxidation by excited triplet states, apparently by inhibiting the transformation of oxidation intermediates. The goals were to evaluate the effect of concentration and type of DOM on the triplet-induced transformation rate of 4 selected organics and to check for an analogous inhibition effect in the case of oxidation induced by hydroxyl radical. A marked inhibition by DOM of triplet-induced oxidation was observed for N,N-dimethylaniline (DMA) and the 2 antibiotics sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and trimethoprim (TRI), with DOM of terrestrial origin being a more effective inhibitor than DOM of aquatic origin. The results are important to understand the role of DOM both as a photosensitizer and as an inhibitor for the triplet-induced transformation of aquatic contaminants. In contrast, no DOM-induced reduction in 2nd-order rate constant could be observed in competition kinetics experiments for the reaction of hydroxyl radical with a series of 15 organics, covering several classes of aromatic contaminants, indicating that Suwannee River fulvic acid used as reference DOM does not affect this reaction mechanism.

Environmental Science & Technology published new progress about Antibiotics. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Category: isoquinoline.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Waters, Nigel J. published the artcileUse of the Oie-Tozer model in understanding mechanisms and determinants of drug distribution, Application In Synthesis of 117-96-4, the main research area is aminohexanoic acid biapenem carboplatin imipenem pharmacokinetics.

Volume of distribution (VD) is a key pharmacokinetic property that together with clearance determines the half-life or residence time of drug in the body. It is commonly expressed as steady-state volume of distribution VDss with a physiol. basis for its understanding developed by Oie and Tozer in 1979. The Oie-Tozer equation uses terms for plasma protein binding (fup), tissue binding (fut), and the extravascular/intravascular ratio of albumin as well as constants for the volumes of plasma, extracellular fluid, and tissue. We explored this model using a data set of 553 drugs for which VDss and plasma protein binding were available in humans. Eighteen percent of cases (102 compounds) did not obey the Oie-Tozer model, with the rearranged equation giving an aberrant fut value (fut < 0 or fut > 1), in particular for compounds with VDss < 0.6 l/kg and fup > 0.1. Further anal. of this group of compounds revealed patterns in physicochem. attributes with a high proportion exemplified by logP less than 0 (i.e., very hydrophilic), polar surface area > 150 Å2, and a difference between logP and logD > 2.5. In addition there was a high representation of certain drug classes including anti-infectives as well as neuromuscular blockers and contrast agents. The majority of compounds were also found to have literature evidence, implicating active transport processes in their disposition. This anal. provides some important insights for pharmacokinetic optimization in this particular chem. space, as well as in the application of the Oie-Tozer model for predicting volume of distribution in humans.

Drug Metabolism and Disposition published new progress about Homo sapiens. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Application In Synthesis of 117-96-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem