Category: 117-96-4

Strehl, Clemens published the artcileCost-effective reduction of micro pollutants in the water cycle – Case study on iodinated contrast media, Name: Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is iodinated contrast media water pollution control urine bag; Cost-effectiveness; Iodinated contrast media; Micro pollutants; Project MERK’MAL; Surface water ecosystem; Waste water management.

Surface waters, especially in densely populated areas, are facing multiple anthropogenic pressures. Micro pollutants are of growing concern. Improved anal. methods are used to focus on substances like ICM with a (high) potential of hazardous effects against water organisms or the water quality in general ICM are essential for instance in computer tomog. examinations in medical facilities. Discharge of ICM to the sewer system occurs via human urine excretions. Common waste water treatment plants do not eliminate these substances completely. Therefore, increasing concentrations are found in the rivers worldwide. The project MERK’MAL explored a potentially cost-effective measure to reduce ICM in the River Ruhr, located in Germany, North Rhine-Westphalia. The results from this pilot study show that urine bags are an effective measure to reduce ICM concentrations During the urine collection with bags measurements of ICM concentrations have shown a reduction, compared to the baseline concentration that was measured at the same sampling point in the effluent of the corresponding waste water treatment plant. The ICM reduction ranged between 20 and 34% for the mean values and between 7 and 33% for the median value. Addnl. payment equivalent costs per examination with ICM are approx. 3.36 euro, full costs including imputed costs are expected in a cost range of 5.38 euro to 6.09 euro per examination The extension of the study is envisioned, helping to sustainably enhance water quality in the River Ruhr in terms of ICM concentrations

Science of the Total Environment published new progress about Homo sapiens. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Name: Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Lu, Ying published the artcileImpact of Ficoll density gradient centrifugation on major and trace element concentrations in erythrocytes and blood plasma, HPLC of Formula: 117-96-4, the main research area is erythrocyte blood major trace element Ficoll density gradient centrifugation; Density gradient centrifugation; Essential elements; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); Toxic metals.

Ficoll d. gradient centrifugation is widely used to sep. cellular components of human blood. We evaluated the suitability to use erythrocytes and blood plasma obtained from Ficoll centrifugation for assessment of elemental concentrations We determined 22 elements (from Li to U) in erythrocytes and blood plasma separated by direct or Ficoll d. gradient centrifugation, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Compared with erythrocytes and blood plasma separated by direct centrifugation, those separated by Ficoll had highly elevated iodine and Ba concentration, due to the contamination from the Ficoll-Paque medium, and about twice as high concentrations of Sr and Mo in erythrocytes. On the other hand, the concentrations of Ca in erythrocytes and plasma were markedly reduced by the Ficoll separation, to some extent also Li, Co, Cu, and U. The reduced concentrations were probably due to EDTA, a chelator present in the Ficoll medium. Arsenic concentrations seemed to be lowered by Ficoll, probably in a species-specific manner. The concentrations of Mg, P, S, K, Fe, Zn, Se, Rb, and Cs were not affected in the erythrocytes, but decreased in plasma. Concentrations of Mn, Cd, and Pb were not affected in erythrocytes, but in plasma affected by EDTA and/or pre-anal. contamination.Ficoll separation changed the concentrations of Li, Ca, Co, Cu, As, Mo, I, Ba, and U in erythrocytes and blood plasma, Sr in erythrocytes, and Mg, P, S, K, Fe, Zn, Se, Rb and Cs in blood plasma, to an extent that will invalidate evaluation of deficiencies or excess intakes.

Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology published new progress about Blood plasma. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, HPLC of Formula: 117-96-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Kuroda, Keisuke published the artcileHospital-Use Pharmaceuticals in Swiss Waters Modeled at High Spatial Resolution, Category: isoquinoline, the main research area is hospital pharmaceutical Swiss water model high spatial resolution.

A model to predict the mass flows and concentrations of pharmaceuticals predominantly used in hospitals across a large number of sewage treatment plant (STP) effluents and river waters was developed at high spatial resolution It comprised 427 geo-referenced hospitals and 742 STPs serving 98% of the general population in Switzerland. In the modeled base scenario, domestic, pharmaceutical use was geog. distributed according to the population size served by the resp. STPs. Distinct hospital scenarios were set up to evaluate how the predicted results were modified when pharmaceutical use in hospitals was allocated differently; for example, in proportion to number of beds or number of treatments in hospitals. The hospital scenarios predicted the mass flows and concentrations up to 3.9 times greater than in the domestic scenario for iodinated X-ray contrast media (ICM) used in computed tomog. (CT), and up to 6.7 times greater for gadolinium, a contrast medium used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Field measurements showed that ICM and gadolinium were predicted best by the scenarios using number of beds or treatments in hospitals with the specific facilities (i.e., CT and/or MRI). Pharmaceuticals used both in hospitals and by the general population (e.g., cyclophosphamide, sulfamethoxazole, carbamazepine, diclofenac) were predicted best by the scenario using the number of beds in all hospitals, but the deviation from the domestic scenario values was only small. Our study demonstrated that the bed number-based hospital scenarios were effective in predicting the geog. distribution of a diverse range of pharmaceuticals in STP effluents and rivers, while the domestic scenario was similarly effective on the scale of large river-catchments.

Environmental Science & Technology published new progress about Chemotherapy. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Category: isoquinoline.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Lopez-Prieto, Israel J. published the artcileFormation and control of disinfection by-products from iodinated contrast media attenuation through sequential treatment processes of ozone-low pressure ultraviolet light followed by chlorination, Name: Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is ozone disinfection UV light wastewater treatment chlorination; Chlorine disinfection; Iodinated-disinfection by-products; Iopamidol attenuation; Pre-ozonation; UV photolysis.

Different groups of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) were studied through the degradation of iopamidol by the sequential oxidation process of ozone-low pressure UV light (O3-LPUV) followed by chlorination. This paper investigates the attenuation of iopamidol under this sequential treatment and the effect of chlorine contact time (30 min vs. 3 days) to control the formation potential of DBPs: trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetonitriles (HANs) and haloacetamides (HAMs). Thirty target DBPs among the 9 iodinated-DBPs (I-DBPs), were monitored throughout the sequential treatment. Results showed that O3-LPUV removed up to 99% of iopamidol, while ozone and LPUV alone removed only 90% and 76% resp. After chlorine addition, O3-LPUV yielded 56% lower I-DBPs than LPUV. Increasing chlorine contact time resulted in higher concentrations of all DBP groups (THMs, HANs, and HAMs), with the exception of I-DBPs. One new iodinated-haloacetamide, namely chloroiodoacetamide (CIACM) and one iodoacetonitrile (IACN) were detected. These results suggest the iodine incorporated in iopamidol may be a precursor for iodinated-nitrogenous-DBPs, which are currently not well studied.

Chemosphere published new progress about Chlorination. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Name: Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Merzlikine, Alexei published the artcileDevelopment of machine learning models of β-cyclodextrin and sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin complexation free energies, Formula: C11H9I3N2O4, the main research area is machine learning modeling beta cyclodextrin sulfobutylether complexation energy.

A new set of 142 exptl. determined complexation constants between sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin and diverse organic guest mols., and 78 observations reported in literature, were used for the development of the QSPR models by the two machine learning regression methods – Cubist and Random Forest. Similar models were built for β-cyclodextrin using the 233-compound dataset available in the literature. These results demonstrate that the machine learning regression methods can successfully describe the complex formation between organic mols. and β-cyclodextrin or sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin. In particular, the root mean square errors for the test sets predictions by the best models are low, 1.9 and 2.7 kJ/mol, resp. The developed QSPR models can be used to predict the solubilizing effect of cyclodextrins and to help prioritizing exptl. work in drug discovery.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics published new progress about Complexation. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Formula: C11H9I3N2O4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Fucke, Katharina published the artcileOvercoming the solvation shell during the crystallisation of diatrizoic acid from dimethyl sulfoxide, Formula: C11H9I3N2O4, the main research area is diatrizoic acid crystallization dimethyl sulfoxide desolvation.

We present three crystal structures of diatrizoic acid (DTA) DMSO solvates illustrating progressive desolvation of the DTA mol. and concomitant increasing degree of DTA self-association Using these structures, plausible pathways for overcoming the solvation shell of DTA during its crystallization from solution are discussed.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) published new progress about Conformation. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Formula: C11H9I3N2O4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Spitta, Luis F. published the artcileAn in-vitro approach for water quality determination: activation of NF-κB as marker for cancer-related stress responses induced by anthropogenic pollutants of drinking water, Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is NF kappaB cancer stress response anthropogenic pollutant drinking water; Cytotoxicity; Environmental toxicology; Fluorescence based reporter assay; Genotoxicity; NF-kappaB; TOX-Box.

Epidemiol. studies show that there is a link between urban water pollution and increase in human morbidity and mortality. With the increase in number of new substances arising from the chem., pharmaceutical, and agricultural industries, there is an urgent need to develop biol. test systems for fast evaluation of potential risks to humans and the environmental ecosystems. Here, a combined cellular reporter assay based on the cellular survival and the stress-induced activation of the survival-promoting factor nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and its use for the detection of cytotoxicity and cancer-related stress responses is presented. A total of 14 chems. that may be found in trace-amounts in ground water levels are applied and tested with the presented assay. The project is embedded within the joint research project TOX-BOX which aims to develop a harmonized testing strategy for risk management of anthropogenic trace substances in potable water. The assay identified carbendazim as a NF-κB-activating agent in mammalian cells.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research published new progress about Cytotoxicity. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Eva-Maria, Prantl published the artcileComparison of in vitro test systems using bacterial and mammalian cells for genotoxicity assessment within the “”health-related indication value (HRIV) concept, Synthetic Route of 117-96-4, the main research area is bacterial mammalian cell genotoxicity health related indication value concept; Drinking water; Genotoxicity; Germany; HRIV concept; Risk assessment; Test battery; Tox-Box.

In numerous cases, the German health-related indication value (HRIV) concept has proved its practicability for the assessment of drinking water relevant trace substances (Umweltbundesamt 2003). The HRIV is based on the toxicol. profile of a substance. An open point of the HRIV concept has been the assignment of standardized test procedures to be used for the assessment. The level of the HRIV is at its lowest as soon as the genotoxicity of the substance is detected. As a single test on its own, it is not sufficient enough to assess the human toxicol. relevance of a genotoxic effect or exclude it in the case of a neg. result; a reasonable test battery was required, tech. oriented towards the already harmonized international, hierarchical evaluation for toxicol. assessment of chems. Therefore, an important aim of this project was to define a strategy for the genotoxicol. assessment of anthropogenic trace substances. The basic test battery for genotoxicity of micropollutants in drinking water needs to fulfill several requirements. Although quick test results are needed for the determination of HRIV, a high degree of transferability to human genotoxicity should be ensured. Therefore, an in vitro genotoxicity test battery consisting of the Ames fluctuation test with two tester strains (ISO 11350), the umu test and the micronucleus test, or from the Ames test with five tester strains (OECD 471) and the micronucleus test is proposed. On the basis of selected test substances, it could be shown that the test battery leads to pos., indifferent, and neg. results. Given indifferent results, the health authority and the water supplier must assume that it is a genotoxic substance. Genetically modified tester strains are being sensitive to different chem. classes by expression of selected mammalian key enzymes for example nitroreductase, acetyltransferase, and glutathione-S-transferase. These strains may provide valuable addnl. information and may give a first indication of the mechanism of action. To check this hypothesis, various addnl. strains expressing specific human-relevant enzymes were investigated. It could be shown that the addnl. use of genetically modified tester strains can enhance the detectable substance spectrum with the bacterial genotoxicol. standard procedures or increase the sensitivity. The addnl. use provides orienting information at this level as a lot of data can be obtained quite quickly and with little effort. These indications of the mechanism of action should be however verified with a test system that uses mammalian cells, better human cells, to check their actual relevance. The selection of appropriate addnl. tester strains has to be defined from case to case depending on the mol. structure and also still requires some major expertise.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research published new progress about Cytotoxicity. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Synthetic Route of 117-96-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Andreucci, Michele published the artcileReversal of radiocontrast medium toxicity in human renal proximal tubular cells by white grape juice extract, Formula: C11H9I3N2O4, the main research area is radiocontrast medium nephrotoxicity radiotoxicity Vitis juice extract radioprotectant; Cell injury; Kinase; Renal cell; Signaling; Vitis spp..

Radiocontrast media (RCM)-induced nephrotoxicity (CIN) is a major clin. problem accounting for 12% of all hospital-acquired cases of acute kidney injury. The pathophysiol. of CIN is not well understood, but direct toxic effects on renal cells have been postulated as contributing to CIN. We have investigated the effect of a white grape (Vitis vinifera) juice extract (WGJe) on human renal proximal tubular (HK-2) cells treated with the radiocontrast medium (RCM) sodium diatrizoate. WGJe caused an increase in phosphorylation of the prosurvival kinases Akt and ERK1/2 in HK-2 cells. Treatment of HK-2 cells with 75 mg I/mL sodium diatrizoate for 2.5 h and then further incubation (for 27.5 h) after removal of the RCM caused a drastic decrease in cell viability. However, pre-treatment with WGJe, prior to incubation with diatrizoate, dramatically improved cell viability. Anal. of key signaling mols. by Western blotting showed that diatrizoate caused a drastic decrease in phosphorylation of Akt (Ser473), FOXO1 (Thr24) and FOXO3a (Thr32) during the initial 2.5 h incubation period, and WGJe pre-treatment caused a reversal of these effects. Further anal. by Western blotting of samples from HK-2 cells cultured for longer periods of time (for up to 27.5 h after an initial 2.5 h exposure to diatrizoate with or without WGJe pre-treatment) showed that WGJe pre-treatment caused a neg. effect on phosphorylation of p38, NF-κB (Ser276) and pERK1/2 while having a pos. effect on the phosphorylation of Akt, FOXO1/FOXO3a and maintained levels of Pim-1 kinase. WGJe may alleviate RCM toxicity through modulation of signaling mols. that are known to be involved in cell death and cell survival and its possible beneficial effects should be further investigated.

Chemico-Biological Interactions published new progress about Cytotoxicity. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Formula: C11H9I3N2O4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Walpen, Nicolas published the artcileApplication of UV absorbance and electron-donating capacity as surrogates for micropollutant abatement during full-scale ozonation of secondary-treated wastewater, Synthetic Route of 117-96-4, the main research area is micropollutant ozonation wastewater treatment UV absorbance electron donating capacity; Electron-donating capacity; Micropollutant abatement; On-line monitoring; Ozonation; UV absorbance.

Ozonation of secondary-treated wastewater for the abatement of micropollutants requires a reliable control of ozone doses. Changes in the UV absorbance of dissolved organic matter (DOM) during ozonation allow to estimate micropollutant abatement online and were therefore identified as feed-back control parameter. In this study, the suitability of the electron-donating capacity (EDC) as an addnl. surrogate parameter which is independent of optical DOM properties was evaluated during full-scale ozonation. For this purpose, a recently developed EDC analyzer was enhanced to enable continuous online EDC and UV absorbance measurements. During a multi-week monitoring campaign at the wastewater treatment plant of Zurich, Switzerland, specific ozone doses were varied from 0.13 to 0.91 mgO3·mgDOC-1 and selected micropollutants with different ozone reactivities were analyzed by LC-MS in conjunction with bromate anal. by IC-MS. In agreement with previous laboratory studies, the relative residual UV absorbance and EDC both decreased exponentially as a function of the specific ozone dose and, in comparison to the residual UV absorbance, residual EDC values showed a more pronounced decrease at low specific ozone doses â‰?.34 mgO3·mgDOC-1. Logistic regression models allowed to estimate relative residual micropollutant concentrations in the ozonation effluent using either the residual UV absorbance or EDC as explanatory variable. Averaging those models along the explanatory variables allowed to estimate target values in relative residual UV absorbances and EDC for specific micropollutant abatement targets. In addition, both parameters allowed to identify conditions with elevated conversions of bromide to bromate. Taken together, these findings show that the integration of relative residual EDC values as a second control parameter can improve existing absorbance-based ozonation control systems to meet micropollutant abatement targets, particularly for treatment systems where low ozone doses are applied.

Water Research published new progress about Absorptivity. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Synthetic Route of 117-96-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem