Category: 21834-92-4

Jerkovic, I. published the artcileContribution to the characterisation of honey-based Sardinian product abbamele: Volatile aroma composition, honey marker compounds and antioxidant activity, Recommanded Product: 5-Methyl-2-phenylhex-2-enal, the main research area is honey abbamele aroma marker antioxidant.

Sardinian abbamele is a typical product obtained from the honey recuperation from combs (traditional procedure) or by concentration of the honey diluted in water (industrial procedure). Seven abbamele samples were obtained to study the volatiles’ composition, the presence of honey marker compounds and their relationship with the production procedures. The long thermal treatment applied in abbamele production caused very high (1007.0-4405.8 mg/kg) HMF content (HPLC-DAD), while glucose and fructose amounts were quite similar to the honey ones (HPLC-RI). Total antioxidant activity (FRAP assay) of the samples ranged between 13.3 and 71.2 mmol Fe2+/kg, while antiradical activity (DPPH assay) ranged between 3.8 and 23.3 mmol TEAC/kg. Such high antioxidant values were linearly correlated with total phenol amount (1297.8-4469.5 mg GAE/kg) determined by Folin-Ciocalteau method. Thermally derived furan derivatives and terpenes were abundant among the headspace volatiles (HS-SPME), particularly limonene (0.5-76.0%) that probably originated from citrus rinds’ addition during abbamele production GC and GC-MS analyses of USE isolates revealed HMF predominance as well as the honey marker compounds (if/when existing) such as Me syringate (up to 49.2%), marker of Asphodelus microcarpus honey. High isophorone percentage (up to 30.9%) determined by HS-SPME followed by minor percentage of 4-ketoisophorone and norisoprenoids in one sample indicated Arbutus unedo L. honey use in the production HPLC-DAD anal. confirmed the presence of specific honey markers: two samples showed high Me syringate concentrations (150.4-120.1 mg/kg) while homogentisic acid and other specific markers of A. unedo honey were found in one sample. The compared GC-MS and HPLC-DAD data proved to be useful to obtain information about the use of specific honey in the production and to verify citrus addition

Food Chemistry published new progress about Antioxidants. 21834-92-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is 5-Methyl-2-phenylhex-2-enal, and the molecular formula is C13H16O, Recommanded Product: 5-Methyl-2-phenylhex-2-enal.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Akramov, Davlat Kh. published the artcileComparative study on the chemical composition and biological activities of the essential oils of three Lagochilus species collected from Uzbekistan, Recommanded Product: 5-Methyl-2-phenylhex-2-enal, the main research area is phytochem essential oil Lagochilus species antioxidant enzyme inhibitor; Folk medicine; GC-MS; Lagochilus; antioxidant; enzyme inhibition; essential oil.

Lagochilus species are mainly distributed in Central Asia and widely used in folk medicine as a sedative and haemostatic. The present investigation reports on the extraction by hydrodistillation and the chem. composition of three Lagochilus species (L. gypsaceus, L. inebrians and L. setulosus) essential oils from Uzbekistan. The chem. composition of these essential oils was determined by GC-MS. The results showed that the studied essential oils are made up mainly of linalool (11.97%), β-ionone (11.75%), trans-chrysanthenyl acetate (7.15%), α-terpineol (7.40%) for L. gypsaceus; trans-chrysanthenyl acetate (9.40%), eugenol (7.01%), trans-verbenol (3.85%), bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one (3.76%), pinocarvone (3.43%) for L. inebrians; and finally 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenol (19.78%), bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-en-4-ol (5.43%), hexadecanoic acid (5.39%), limonene (5.19%), 2-hexenal (5.03%) for L. setulosus. The best antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activity was observed for the essential oil of L. inebrians. However, L. setulosus essential oil exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect against amylase.

Natural Product Research published new progress about Antioxidants. 21834-92-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is 5-Methyl-2-phenylhex-2-enal, and the molecular formula is C13H16O, Recommanded Product: 5-Methyl-2-phenylhex-2-enal.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Liu, Ping published the artcileConsumer preference of Chinese traditional fermented fava pastes, Related Products of isoquinoline, the main research area is fava paste ferment consumer preference chinese tradition.

The present study was designed to investigate the consumer preference and the quality attributes of five brands of Chinese traditional first-grade fava pastes, following which their quality differences were evaluated in order to identify the key drivers or factors, which can be applied to explain the behavior of consumer preferences. Consumers ranked these samples based on the 9-point method. An obvious preference for sample P1 was observed with 35% of participants settling on extremely liked option, giving the said sample the highest overall preference score of 7.8 ± 0.2. Further sensory and physicochem. properties, and volatiles were conducted to identify the major drivers of the consumer behavior. Sensory evaluation showed that sample P1 also produced the highest overall sensory score (85 ± 3). Though all the samples exhibited similar physicochem. attributes, significant differences were observed in the species and the concentration of volatile compounds Accordingly, the content of free amino acids (FAAs) and low-mol.-weight (MW) fraction (â‰? kDa) represented the trend that fell in line with sensory score. PLS2 correlation anal. indicated that physicochem. indexes and volatiles could be used to explain the consumer preference, which was likely to be synergistically affected by FAAs, protein, amino nitrogen, dietary fiber, Ca, P, Fe, δ-Ε, and some volatiles, especially the pos. drivers of FAAs and low MW proportion to sample P1. The work would not only provide valuable information for grading of fava pastes in the industry but also guide actual producing toward the expectation of consumers, especially increasing those pos. drivers.

International Journal of Food Properties published new progress about Dietary fiber. 21834-92-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is 5-Methyl-2-phenylhex-2-enal, and the molecular formula is C13H16O, Related Products of isoquinoline.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Ye, Jing published the artcileDifferentiation of two types of pu-erh teas by using an electronic nose and ultrasound-assisted extraction-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Application In Synthesis of 21834-92-4, the main research area is pu erh tea electronic nose UAE DLLME GC MS.

It is a challenging task to discriminate raw pu-erh tea, notably aged raw tea, from ripened pu-erh tea, both of which are the two primary types of pu-erh teas, only based on the taster’s sensory evaluation. In the current study, a workflow was proposed to differentiate those two clusters of pu-erh teas, as well as to point out and verify the markers responsible for the discrimination. Initially, an electronic nose was utilized for the rapid discrimination. Then, an efficient method based on ultrasound-assisted extraction-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction-gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (UAE-DLLME-GC-MS) coupled with chemometric methods was developed to disclose the metabolic profiles and pinpoint the markers for discrimination. Afterwards seven methoxyphenolic derivatives were simultaneously determined in both pu-erh teas. The role of volatile components in the classification of pu-erh teas was proved using the electronic nose (E-nose). Diverse parameters were optimized for UAE-DLLME-GC-MS, and a total of 84 volatile constituents were detected and identified. The methoxyphenolic derivatives as well as some alc. derivatives were screened out as the primary markers by principle component anal., and significant differences were revealed for the contents of methoxyphenolic compounds in these two types of pu-erh teas. Taken together, methoxyphenolic compounds as well as alc. derivatives were found and verified as the markers for the differentiation between raw and ripened pu-erh teas, and either an E-nose or UAE-DLLME-GC-MS could be applied as a reliable tool to achieve the discrimination.

Analytical Methods published new progress about Food analysis. 21834-92-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is 5-Methyl-2-phenylhex-2-enal, and the molecular formula is C13H16O, Application In Synthesis of 21834-92-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Nakamura, Kenji published the artcileA 90-day subchronic toxicity study of 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal in F344 rats, Formula: C13H16O, the main research area is subchronic toxicity MPH adverse effects; 5-Methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal; F344 rats; Flavoring agent; Subchronic toxicity.

5-Methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal (MPH) has been used as a flavoring agent. In the present study, we performed a subchronic toxicity study in male and female F344 rats with oral administration of MPH by gavage at 0, 8, 24 and 70 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day for 90 days. No mortality or clin. signs were observed during the exptl. period. Body weight and food consumption for all treated groups of both sexes were essentially the same as for the resp. control groups. Hematol. examination demonstrated significant decreases in monocyte counts for females given 24 and 70 mg/kg BW/day. However, these changes were not substantial and no related histopathol. changes were observed, suggesting that these changes were not toxicol. significant. Among organ weights, the absolute and/or relative weights of testes and liver were significantly increased in the 70 mg/kg BW/day groups of males and females, resp., but no related histopathol. changes were observed, suggesting that these changes did not reflect adverse effects. In addition, no treatment-related histopathol. changes were observed for any of the tissues examined Based on the overall data, the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for MPH was determined to be 70 mg/kg BW/day, the highest dose tested, in both male and female rats.

Food and Chemical Toxicology published new progress about Adrenal gland. 21834-92-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is 5-Methyl-2-phenylhex-2-enal, and the molecular formula is C13H16O, Formula: C13H16O.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Hughes, David T. published the artcileFunctional and nonfunctional forms of CquiOR91, an odorant selectivity subunit of Culex quinquefasciatus, Related Products of isoquinoline, the main research area is Culex odorant receptors 91 selectivity; Xenopus oocytes; electrophysiology; insect; olfaction; polymorphism; receptor.

In Culex quinquefasciatus, CquiOR91 is the ortholog of 2 larvae-specific odorant receptors (ORs) from Anopheles gambiae (AgamOr40, previously shown to respond to several odorant ligands including the broad-spectrum repellent N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide, DEET) and Aedes aegypti (AaegOr40). When we cloned full-length CquiOR91 from a Culex quinquefasciatus larval head RNA sample, we found 2 alleles of this OR, differing at 9 residues. Functional anal. using the Xenopus oocyte expression system and 2-electrode voltage clamp electrophysiol. revealed one allele (CquiOR91.1) to be nonfunctional, whereas the other allele (CquiOR91.2) was functional. Receptors formed by CquiOR91.2 and CquiOrco responded to (-)-fenchone, (+)-fenchone, and DEET, similar to what has been reported for AgamOr40. We also identified 5 novel odorant ligands for the CquiOR91.2 + CquiOrco receptor: 2-isobutylthiazole, veratrole, eucalyptol, d-camphor, and safranal, with safranal being the most potent. To explore possible reasons for the lack of function for CquiOR91.1, we generated a series of mutant CquiOR91.2 subunits, in which the residue at each of the 9 polymorphic residue positions was changed from what occurs in CquiOR91.2 to what occurs in CquiOR91.1. Eight of the 9 mutant versions of CquiOR91.2 formed functional receptors, responding to (-)-fenchone. Only the CquiOR91.2 Y183C mutant was nonfunctional. The reverse mutation (C183Y) conferred function on CquiOR91.1, which became responsive to (-)-fenchone and safranal. These results indicate that the “”defect”” in CquiOR91.1 that prevents function is the cysteine at position 183.

Chemical Senses published new progress about Aedes aegypti. 21834-92-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is 5-Methyl-2-phenylhex-2-enal, and the molecular formula is C13H16O, Related Products of isoquinoline.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Siccama, Joanne W. published the artcileThe effect of partial replacement of maltodextrin with vegetable fibres in spray-dried white asparagus powder on its physical and aroma properties, Application In Synthesis of 21834-92-4, the main research area is maltodextrin vegetable fiber asparagus spray drying aroma; Asparagus fibres; GC–MS; Maltodextrin; Metabolomics; Spray drying; Volatiles retention.

Asparagus concentrate was spray-dried in different carrier formulations in which maltodextrin was partially replaced by cellulose-based carriers, i.e. asparagus fiber, citrus fiber or microcrystalline cellulose. This replacement was limited to a maximum level of 3% weight/weight for asparagus and citrus fibers, and 10% weight/weight for microcrystalline cellulose, due to fiber insolubility and increased viscosity of the feed. Powders obtained from feed solutions with an initial solids content of 40% weight/weight showed better phys. properties and aroma retention than 30% weight/weight Partial replacement of maltodextrin by cellulose-based carriers resulted in powders with similar phys. properties as the control and did not detrimentally influence the aroma profiles as analyzed by headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry. This research shows that fiber obtained from asparagus waste streams could potentially be used as a carrier to produce spray-dried asparagus powder with retained key asparagus volatiles such as 2-methoxy-3-iso-Pr pyrazine.

Food Chemistry published new progress about Agglomeration. 21834-92-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is 5-Methyl-2-phenylhex-2-enal, and the molecular formula is C13H16O, Application In Synthesis of 21834-92-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Zhang, Jun published the artcileiMatch: A retention index tool for analysis of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry data, Category: isoquinoline, the main research area is iMatch retention index tool gas chromatog mass spectrometry data.

A method was developed to employ National Institute of Standards and Technol. (NIST) 2008 retention index database information for mol. retention matching via constructing a set of empirical distribution functions (DFs) of the absolute retention index deviation to its mean value. The effects of different exptl. parameters on the mols.’ retention indexes were first assessed. The column class, the column type, and the data type have significant effects on the retention index values acquired on capillary columns. However, the normal alkane retention index (Inorm) with the ramp condition is similar to the linear retention index (IT), while the Inorm with the isothermal condition is similar to the Kovats retention index (I). As for the Inorm with the complex condition, these data should be treated as an addnl. group, because the mean Inorm value of the polar column is significantly different from the IT. Based on this anal., nine DFs were generated from the grouped retention index data. The DF information was further implemented into a software program called iMatch. The performance of iMatch was evaluated using exptl. data of a mixture of standards and metabolite extract of rat plasma with spiked-in standards About 19% of the mols. identified by ChromaTOF were filtered out by iMatch from the identification list of electron ionization (EI) mass spectral matching, while all of the spiked-in standards were preserved. The anal. results demonstrate that using the retention index values, via constructing a set of DFs, can improve the spectral matching-based identifications by reducing a significant portion of false-positives.

Journal of Chromatography A published new progress about Blood analysis. 21834-92-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is 5-Methyl-2-phenylhex-2-enal, and the molecular formula is C13H16O, Category: isoquinoline.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Bhatia, Sneha published the artcileComparison of Cramer classification between Toxtree, the OECD QSAR Toolbox and expert judgment, Application of 5-Methyl-2-phenylhex-2-enal, the main research area is Toxtree OECD QSAR toolbox Cramer classification; Cramer classification; OECD QSAR Toolbox; TTC; Toxtree; in silico.

The Threshold of Toxicol. Concern (TTC) is a pragmatic approach in risk assessment. In the absence of data, it sets up levels of human exposure that are considered to have no appreciable risk to human health. The Cramer decision tree is used extensively to determine these exposure thresholds by categorizing non-carcinogenic chems. into three different structural classes. Therefore, assigning an accurate Cramer class to a material is a crucial step to preserve the integrity of the risk assessment. In this study the Cramer class of over 1000 fragrance materials across diverse chem. classes were determined by using Toxtree (TT), the OECD QSAR Toolbox (TB), and expert judgment. Disconcordance was observed between TT and the TB. A total of 165 materials (16%) showed different results from the two programs. The overall concordance for Cramer classification between TT and expert judgment is 83%, while the concordance between the TB and expert judgment is 77%. Amines, lactones and heterocycles have the lowest percent agreement with expert judgment for TT and the TB. For amines, the expert judgment agreement is 45% for TT and 55% for the TB. For heterocycles, the expert judgment agreement is 55% for TT and the TB. For lactones, the expert judgment agreement is 56% for TT and 50% for the TB. Addnl. analyses were conducted to determine the concordance within various chem. classes. Critical checkpoints in the decision tree are identified. Strategies and guidance on determining the Cramer class for various chem. classes are discussed.

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology published new progress about Classification. 21834-92-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is 5-Methyl-2-phenylhex-2-enal, and the molecular formula is C13H16O, Application of 5-Methyl-2-phenylhex-2-enal.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Jiang, Ming published the artcileTwo-Dimensional Retention Indices Improve Component Identification in Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography of Saffron, Safety of 5-Methyl-2-phenylhex-2-enal, the main research area is saffron two dimensional gas chromatog mass spectrometry.

Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatog. hyphenated with accurate mass time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-accTOFMS) was applied for improved anal. accuracy of saffron anal., by using retention indexes in the two-dimensional separation This constitutes 3 dimensions of identification. In addition to accTOFMS specificity, and first dimension retention indexes (1I), a simple method involving direct multiple injections with stepwise isothermal temperature programming is described for construction of isovolatility curves for reference alkane series in GC × GC. This gives access to calculated second dimension retention indexes (2I). Reliability of the calculated 2I was evaluated by using a Grob test mixture, and saturated alkanes, revealing good correlation between previously reported I values from the literature, with R2 correlation being 0.9997. This essentially recognizes the retention property of peaks in the GC × GC 2D space as being reducible to a retention index in each dimension, which should be a valuable tool supporting identification. The benefit of 2I data, in supplementing 1I and MS library matching, was clearly demonstrated by the progressive reduction of the number of possible compound matches for peaks observed in saffron. 114 Analytes were assessed according to 1I and 2I values within ±20 index unit of reference values, and by MS spectrum matching above a match statistic of 750 (including mass accuracy of the mol. ion <20 ppm) and their possible identities derived. The described method provides a new avenue to utilize the full capability of the two-dimensional separation (GC × GC), in combination with MS library matching in complex sample anal., to provide improved component identification. Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC, United States) published new progress about Crocus sativus. 21834-92-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is 5-Methyl-2-phenylhex-2-enal, and the molecular formula is C13H16O, Safety of 5-Methyl-2-phenylhex-2-enal.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem