Day: November 30, 2022

Borowska, Ewa published the artcileDegradation of Iodinated Contrast Media in Aquatic Environment by Means of UV, UV/TiO2 Process, and by Activated Sludge, Synthetic Route of 117-96-4, the main research area is activated sludge UV radiation iodinated contrast media aquatic environment; Iodinated contrast media; Membrane bioreactors; Photolysis; UV/TiO2 process.

Iodinated contrast media (ICM), which are used for radiol. visualization of human tissue and cardiovascular system, are poorly biodegradable; hence, new methods of their removal are sought. In this study, the effectiveness of selected X-ray ICM removal by means of UV and UV/TiO2 pretreatment processes from synthetic hospital wastewater was demonstrated. The following compounds were investigated: iodipamide, iohexol, and diatrizoate. The experiments were as follows: (i) estimated susceptibility of the ICM to decay by UV radiation in different aquatic matrixes, (ii) determined an optimal retention time of hospital wastewater in the UV reactor, (iii) determined optimum TiO2 concentration to improve the effectiveness of the UV pretreatment, and (iv) investigated removal of ICM by combination of the photochem. and biol. treatment methods. The quantum yields of selected ICM decay in deionized water (pH = 7.0) were established as 0.006, 0.004, and 0.029 for iohexol, diatrizoate, and iodipamide, resp. Furthermore, the experiments revealed that diatrizoate and iohexol removal in the UV/TiO2 process is more efficient than in UV process alone. For diatrizoate, the removal efficiency equaled to 40 and 30 %, resp., and for iohexol, the efficiency was 38 and 27 %, resp. No significant increase in iodipamide removal in UV and UV/TiO2 processes was observed (29 and 28 %, resp.). However, highest removal efficiency was demonstrated in synthetic hospital wastewater with the combined photochem. and biol. treatment method. The removal of diatrizoate and iohexol increased to at least 90 %, and for iodipamide, to at least 50 %.

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution published new progress about Aquatic environment. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Synthetic Route of 117-96-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Anderson, Niall A. published the artcileDiscovery of an Orally Bioavailable Pan αv Integrin Inhibitor for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Application of 4-Methoxyphenylacetic acid, the main research area is phenylbutyrate derivative preparation oral integrin inhibitor idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

The heterodimeric transmembrane αv integrin receptors have recently emerged as potential targets for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Herein, we describe how subtle modifications of the central aromatic ring of a series of phenylbutyrate-based antagonists of the vitronectin receptors αvβ3 and αvβ5 significantly change the biol. activities against αvβ6 and αvβ8. This resulted in the discovery of a pan αv antagonist (compound 39, 4-40 nM for the integrin receptors named above) possessing excellent oral pharmacokinetic properties in rats (with a clearance of 7.6 mL/(min kg) and a bioavailability of 97%).

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Antifibrotic agents. 104-01-8 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is 4-Methoxyphenylacetic acid, and the molecular formula is C9H10O3, Application of 4-Methoxyphenylacetic acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Pansuriya, Ketan published the artcileTrimethylsilyl chloride catalyzed synthesis of fluoro substituted tetrahydropyrimidines: Molecular docking and antidiabetic studies, SDS of cas: 598-50-5, the main research area is tetrahydropyrimidine preparation antidiabetic docking; aldehyde ethyl acetoacetate urea Biginelli condensation trimethylsilyl chloride catalyst.

A novel series of tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives I [R1 = H, Me; R2 = H, Me] and II [R3 = NC, COOH, CO2Me, CO2Et] containing azepino indole and aryl substitution was achieved by a multicomponent synthetic approach using Biginelli condensation. Various catalysts were employed in the reactions for yield increment but trimethylsilyl chloride gave the highest yield. Moreover, all synthesized mols. were checked for in vitro antidiabetic potential. In addition, mol. docking of these synthesized mols. was studied using barley alpha-amylase isoenzyme 1 (amy1) (1RPK). The result revealed that compounds I [R1 = R2 = H; R1 = R2 = Me] had a good inhibitory potential.

Chemical Data Collections published new progress about Antidiabetic agents. 598-50-5 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is 1-Methylurea, and the molecular formula is C2H6N2O, SDS of cas: 598-50-5.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Patchipala, Suri Babu published the artcileSynthesis, in-vivo anti-diabetic & anticancer activities and molecular modelling studies of tetrahydrobenzo[d]thiazole tethered nicotinohydrazide derivatives, COA of Formula: C9H10O3, the main research area is tetrahydrobenzothiazole nicotinohydrazide preparation docking antidiabetic anticancer activity.

A series of thirty new thiazole-pyridine derivatives I (R = Ph, pyridin-3-yl, 2,5-difluoro Ph, etc.; R1 = H, cyclopropylmethyl) was synthesized by reaction of 4,4,7,7-tetra-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[d]thiazol-2-amine with 6-chloronicotinate followed by condensing with benzaldehydes RCHO and screened for their anti-diabetic activity by in vivo housing Swiss albino mice. All synthesized compounds resulted in reducing the glucose level when compared with reference standard drug glibenclamide. In specific, Et 6-((4,4,7,7-tetramethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)amino)nicotinate exhibited significant activity in terms of fasting blood glucose level reduction In addition, the in-silico binding studies of the potential compounds I (R = 4-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl, R1 = H; R = 5-fluoro-2-nitrophenyl, R1 = H) with human PPAR-γ protein complexed with Retinoid X Receptor (RXR) alpha Nuclear Receptor showed good interactions when compared to the standard drug Rosiglitazone. The newly synthesized drugs may be potential anti-diabetic drugs with possible specific actions.

Arabian Journal of Chemistry published new progress about Antidiabetic agents. 86-51-1 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is 2,3-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde, and the molecular formula is C9H10O3, COA of Formula: C9H10O3.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Ojah, Emmanuel Onah published the artcileChemical Compositions, Antioxidant and Anti-diabetic Activities of Root Wood and Root Bark Essential Oils from Pterocarpus soyauxii TAUB., SDS of cas: 151-10-0, the main research area is Pterocarpus root bark essential oil antioxidant antidiabetic agent.

The chem. composition of essential oils (EOs) isolated by hydrodistillation from Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub. root wood and root bark were determined for the first time by GC/MS anal. The EOs gave a percentage yield (weight/weight) of 0.34% and 0.31% for root wood and root bark resp. A total of 60 compounds accounting for 86.1% of the root wood EO composition were identified with monoterpenes (45.4%) and sesquiterpenes (14.7%) as predominant constituents. Root bark EO gave 53 identified constituents which make up about 78.5% of the EO dominated by non-terpenes (23.4%) and alkanes (14.1%). The EOs are good sources of limonene (16.9%), γ-terpinene (9.8%) and p-cymene (6.70%). The anti-diabetic (α-amylase and α-glucosidase models) and antioxidant activities (DPPH and H2O2 models) of EOs were evaluated in comparison with standard drugs. Alpha-amylase inhibition gave IC50 values (mg/mL) of 0.0493 and 0.0471 for root wood and root bark EOs resp., compared to acarbose the standard anti-diabetic drug (0.0401) while α-glucosidase assay gave IC50 values (mg/mL) of 0.0517 and 0.0486 for root wood and root bark EOs resp., compared with acarbose (0.0418). In the DPPH antioxidant assay, root bark EO showed higher activity (0.157 mg/mL) compared to root wood EO (0.159 mg/mL) while Root wood and root bark EOs had IC50 values (mg/mL) of 0.157 and 0.171 resp. using the H2O2 model. Results revealed the presence of chem. constituents in the EOs which could be responsible for activities expressed by the plant.

Journal of Essential Oil-Bearing Plants published new progress about Antidiabetic agents. 151-10-0 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is 1,3-Dimethoxybenzene, and the molecular formula is C8H10O2, SDS of cas: 151-10-0.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Gonzalez-Gil, Lorena published the artcileBiotransformation of organic micropollutants by anaerobic sludge enzymes, Safety of Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is biotransformation organic micropollutant anaerobic sludge enzyme; Anaerobic digestion; Degradation; Enzymatic pathways; Enzymatic transformation; Pharmaceuticals; Sewage treatment plant.

Biotransformation of organic micropollutants (OMPs) in wastewater treatment plants ultimately depends on the enzymic activities developed in each biol. process. However, few research efforts have been made to clarify and identify the role of enzymes on the removal of OMPs, which is an essential knowledge to determine the biotransformation potential of treatment technologies. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the enzymic transformation of 35 OMPs under anaerobic conditions, which have been even less studied than aerobic systems. Initially, 13 OMPs were identified to be significantly biotransformed (>20%) by anaerobic sludge obtained from a full-scale anaerobic digester, predestining them as potential targets of anaerobic enzymes. Native enzymes were extracted from this anaerobic sludge to perform transformation assays with the OMPs. In addition, the effect of detergents to recover membrane enzymes, as well as the effects of cofactors and inhibitors to promote and suppress specific enzymic activities were evaluated. In total, it was possible to recover enzymic activities towards 10 out of these 13 target OMPs (acetyl-sulfamethoxazole and its transformation product sulfamethoxazole, acetaminophen, atenolol, clarithromycin, citalopram, climbazole, erythromycin, and terbutryn, venlafaxine) as well as towards 8 non-target OMPs (diclofenac, iopamidol, acyclovir, acesulfame, and 4 different hydroxylated metabolites of carbamazepine). Some enzymic activities likely involved in the anaerobic biotransformation of these OMPs were identified. Thereby, this study is a starting point to unravel the still enigmatic biotransformation of OMPs in wastewater treatment systems.

Water Research published new progress about Anaerobic digesters. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Safety of Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Matsushita, Taku published the artcileChanges in mutagenicity and acute toxicity of solutions of iodinated X-ray contrast media during chlorination, Quality Control of 117-96-4, the main research area is iodinated X ray contrast media mutagenicity cytotoxicity chlorination; Ames test; Drinking-water treatment; Iopamidol; QSAR; Vibrio fischeri.

In the present study, the effects of chlorination on the mutagenicity (assessed via the Ames assay) and acute toxicity (assessed via a bioluminescence inhibition assay) of solutions containing one of five commonly used iodinated X-ray contrast media (ICM) (iopamidol, iohexol, iopromide, iomeprol, and diatrizoate) were investigated. Of the five ICM tested, only iopamidol was degraded by chlorine. Chlorination of the iopamidol-containing solution induced both mutagenicity and acute toxicity, which increased with chlorination time (up to 96 h). The areas of five out of 54 peaks detected on the LC/MS total ion chromatogram had good correlation (r2 > 0.90) between peak area and observed mutagenicity. To identify possible contributors to the observed mutagenicity, the Ames assay and LC/MS anal. were conducted on samples collected at 48-h chlorination time and extracted under different pH conditions. Of the five peaks, one peak was detected in the sample extracted at pH 7, but this sample was not mutagenic, indicating that the peak was not related to the observed mutagenicity. MS/MS anal. with an orbitrap mass spectrometer of the remaining four peaks revealed that two of the peaks represented the same TP (detected in neg. and pos. ion modes). Finally, three TPs were identified as suspected contributors to the mutagenicity induced by the iopamidol-containing solution after chlorination: 5-[(1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl)carbamoyl]-3-[(3-hydroxypropanoyl)oxy]-2,4-diiodobenzoic acid; N-(1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl)-3-(2,3-dioxopropyl)-2,4,6-triiodobenzamide; and 3-[(1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl)carbamoyl]-5-[(3-hydroxybutanoyl)oxy]-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid. Prediction of the mutagenicity potential of these three TPs with a battery of four quant. structure-activity relationship models did not contradict our conclusion that these TPs contributed to the observed mutagenicity.

Chemosphere published new progress about Aliivibrio fischeri. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Quality Control of 117-96-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Corella Puertas, Elena published the artcileDegradation of diatrizoate in a pin-to-liquid plasma reactor, its transformation products and their residual toxicity, Safety of Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is diatrizoate pin to liquid plasma reactor degradation residual toxicity.

Diatrizoate, a recalcitrant iodinated contrast medium, has been detected in wastewaters and water bodies worldwide, with concentrations in hospital wastewaters in the μg/L range. Considering that conventional wastewater treatment technologies and ozonation fail to adequately remove diatrizoate, there is a need for researching alternative treatment technologies. In the present work, aqueous solutions of diatrizoate were treated in a compact (7.5 mL liquid volume) non-thermal plasma-liquid reactor. Oxygen and air plasmas were used for diatrizoate removal, with oxygen plasma performing better. After 20 min of treatment of 200μg/L diatrizoate in pure water, oxygen led to 90% degradation whereas air achieved only 20% degradation Two diatrizoate concentrations were studied: 10 mg/L to facilitate the identification of transformation products when using an oxygen plasma and 200μg/L, a concentration in the range expected in hospital wastewater. For the oxygen plasma treatment, the energy efficiency for removing diatrizoate was 0.140 g/kWh for C0 = 10 mg/L and 0.006 g/kWh for C0 = 200μg/L. The following transformation products of diatrizoate were identified: m/z 486A, 504A, 504B, 628, 630A, 630B (previously described in literature) and m/z 486B, 550, 555, 565, 578 (novel). Acute toxicity tests on Aliivibrio fischeri revealed no residual toxicity associated to transformation products. Since diatrizoate is a particularly recalcitrant aqueous organic pollutant, its successful removal and the lack of formation of toxic transformation products indicates that the developed plasma-based technol. is promising for treating challenging wastewaters, such as hospital wastewaters.

Science of the Total Environment published new progress about Aliivibrio fischeri. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Safety of Diatrizoic Acid.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Bocos, Elvira published the artcileElimination of radiocontrast agent diatrizoic acid by photo-Fenton process and enhanced treatment by coupling with electro-Fenton process, Synthetic Route of 117-96-4, the main research area is diatrizoic acid photoelectro fenton coupling reaction; Activated carbon; Diatrizoic acid; Heterogeneous process; Mineralization; Photo-Fenton; Photoelectro-Fenton.

First, the effect of H2O2 dosage on mineralization efficiency was determined using UV irradiation The system reached a maximum mineralization degree of 60% total organic carbon (TOC) removal at 4 h with 20 mM initial H2O2 concentration while further concentration values led to a decrease in TOC abatement efficiency. Then, the effect of different concentrations of Fenton’s reagents was studied for homogeneous Fenton process. Obtained results revealed that 0.25 mM Fe3+ and 20 mM H2O2 were the best conditions, achieving 80% TOC removal efficiency at 4 h treatment. Furthermore, heterogeneous PF treatment was developed using iron-activated carbon as catalyst. It was demonstrated that this catalyst is a promising option, reaching 67% of TOC removal within 4 h treatment without formation of iron leachate in the medium. In addition, two strategies of enhancement for process efficiency are proposed: coupling of PF with electro-Fenton (EF) process in two ways: photoelectro-Fenton (PEF) or PF followed by EF (PF-EF) treatments, achieving in both cases the complete mineralization of DIA solution within only 2 h. Finally, the Microtox tests revealed the formation of more toxic compounds than the initial DIA during PF process, while, it was possible to reach total mineralization by both proposed alternatives (PEF or PF-EF) and thus to remove the toxicity of DIA solution

Environmental Science and Pollution Research published new progress about Aliivibrio fischeri. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Synthetic Route of 117-96-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem

Hinneh, Michael published the artcilePod storage with roasting: A tool to diversifying the flavor profiles of dark chocolates produced from ‘bulk’ cocoa beans? (part I: aroma profiling of chocolates), Synthetic Route of 21834-92-4, the main research area is aroma flavor dark chocolate cocoa bean; Aroma profile; Chocolate; Cocoa; HS-SPME-GC–MS; Pod storage; Roasting.

The impact of pod storage (PS) and roasting temperature (RT) on the aroma profiles of dark chocolates were evaluated. Cocoa liquor samples comprised of ten different combinations of PS and RT, while keeping the roasting time fixed at 35 min. Addnl., com. cocoa liquors from renowned origins (Ecuador, Madagascar, Venezuela, Vietnam, Ivory Coast and Ghana) were acquired for comparison. From these, 70% dark chocolates were produced under the same conditions after which they were subjected to headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) anal. Although both PS and RT were found to influence the aroma volatile concentrations, the impact of RT over PS seemed to be greater. An agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) of all chocolates on the basis of their aroma profiles revealed a similar impact as earlier observed, where major clustering of the chocolates was in accordance with the intensity of the roasting process applied. However, within each group, the dissimilarities owing to PS among the chocolates was clearly depicted. Comparatively, chocolates with low (100-120 °C), instead of moderate to high (135-160 °C) RT’s, rather showed a low dissimilarity with those from the com. cocoa liquors of the different origins. Although from the same beans, the diversity of aroma profiles of these chocolates as well as the similitude of some treatments to some chocolates from com. grade cocoa liquors, unequivocally underscores the possibility for steering diverse distinct flavors from ‘bulk’ cocoa through PS and roasting, with beneficial implications, both from an application and an economic point of view.

Food Research International published new progress about Alcoholic beverages. 21834-92-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is 5-Methyl-2-phenylhex-2-enal, and the molecular formula is C13H16O, Synthetic Route of 21834-92-4.

Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem