Wendel, Friedrich M. published the artcileTransformation of Iopamidol during Chlorination, Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid, the main research area is transformation iopamidol water chlorination.
The transformation of the iodinated x-ray contrast media (ICM) iopamidol, iopromide, iohexol, iomeprol, and diatrizoate was examined in purified water over the pH 6.5-8.5 in the presence of Na hypochlorite, monochloramine, and ClO2. In the presence of aqueous Cl, only iopamidol was transformed. All other ICM did not show significant reactivity, regardless of the oxidant used. Chlorination of iopamidol followed a 2nd order reaction, with an observed rate constant of up to 0.87/M-s (±0.021/M-s) at pH 8.5. The hypochlorite anion was identified to be the reactive Cl species. Iodine was released during the transformation of iopamidol, and was mainly oxidized to iodate. Only a small percentage (<2% after 24 h) was transformed to known organic iodinated disinfection byproducts (DBPs) of low mol. weight Some of the I was still present in high-mol. weight DBPs. The chem. structures of these DBPs were elucidated via MSn fragmentation and NMR. Side chain cleavage was observed as well as the exchange of I by Cl. An overall transformation pathway was proposed for the degradation of iopamidol. CHO cell chronic cytotoxicity tests indicate that chlorination of iopamidol generates a toxic mixture of high mol. weight DBPs (LC50 332 ng/μL). Environmental Science & Technology published new progress about Aquatic toxicity. 117-96-4 belongs to class isoquinoline, name is Diatrizoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C11H9I3N2O4, Recommanded Product: Diatrizoic Acid.
Referemce:
Isoquinoline – Wikipedia,
Isoquinoline | C9H7N – PubChem